The Spartan Group

The Spartan Group is a prominent advisory and investment firm specializing in blockchain technology. The firm provides strategic guidance and investment support to businesses seeking to leverage blockchain solutions across various sectors. With a focus on fostering innovation, Spartan aims to help organizations navigate the complexities of the blockchain landscape, enabling them to capitalize on emerging opportunities. The firm is recognized for its expertise in the blockchain space, offering a blend of advisory services and investment strategies tailored to the needs of its clients.

Kelvin Koh

Co-Founder and Managing Partner

Past deals in Peer to Peer

Planetarium

Venture Round in 2025
Planetarium is a Web 3 gaming company that focuses on creating community-driven gaming ecosystems. Utilizing Libplanet, its blockchain-based gaming library integrated with the Unity engine, Planetarium enables seamless networking without relying on a central server. This approach leverages blockchain technology and peer-to-peer capabilities, allowing the entire network to update dynamically as changes occur. The company also develops an open-source blockchain platform aimed at transforming the gaming lifecycle and revenue models. By facilitating complex game transactions through its unique native extension methodology, Planetarium empowers developers to extend the longevity of their games and introduces innovative paradigms within the gaming industry.

Centrifuge

Series A in 2024
Centrifuge, established in 2017, is a technology company that develops a decentralized blockchain-based platform. This platform connects the global financial supply chain, enabling secure and private peer-to-peer exchange of financial documents. It allows businesses to transact while retaining ownership of their data, including company details and transaction history. Centrifuge is headquartered in San Francisco, with an additional office in Berlin.

Karma3 Labs

Seed Round in 2024
Karma3 Labs is a developer of a decentralized trust protocol that facilitates the creation of on-chain ranking and recommendation systems for applications. By providing peer-to-peer social attestations, open data, and reliable algorithms, Karma3 Labs enables developers to build personalized recommendation systems. The platform is designed to support contextually relevant features and composable elements, ensuring effective Sybil-resistance for social graph protocols.

DFlow

Seed Round in 2023
DFlow is a payment-for-order-flow marketplace that provides transparent and market-driven price discovery for order flow. They provide a decentralized market platform to ensure the most optimal execution environment for consumers. The market-driven approach to PFOF used by DFlow allows the public to see live market prices for token pairs.

LayerZero

Series B in 2023
LayerZero Labs is a developer of a blockchain messaging protocol that enables decentralized applications to operate across multiple blockchains. The company's platform facilitates data exchange and interoperability by connecting disparate blockchains, offering a streamlined solution for cross-chain applications. Utilizing an on-chain light node for validation, LayerZero improves speed, security, and cost-efficiency, as it streams block headers on-demand through decentralized oracles rather than maintaining all headers sequentially. This innovative approach allows clients to efficiently implement low-level communication primitives necessary for cross-chain functionality.

Contango

Seed Round in 2022
Contango is a decentralized protocol that focuses on providing perpetual futures atop money markets. It operates a decentralized exchange designed to facilitate expirable futures without the need for order books or liquidity pools. By leveraging existing decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, Contango enables fixed-rate lending and borrowing. The platform also supports physical delivery and minimizes price impact for larger trades, allowing traders to effectively hedge their positions and manage their costs. Through these innovations, Contango aims to enhance trading efficiency and accessibility within the decentralized finance ecosystem.

CLST

Seed Round in 2022
CLST is focused on creating a global network that connects institutional borrowers and lenders in the short-term digital assets debt market, referred to as the New Money market. The company aims to serve as a gateway for uncollateralized lending, specifically targeting stablecoins and cryptocurrencies. By facilitating bilateral price negotiation and settlement, CLST's platform enables institutional adoption of digital assets, bridging the gap between traditional finance and crypto-native institutions. Through its innovative approach, CLST is positioned to enhance liquidity and market efficiency within the emerging landscape of digital asset finance.

Hubble Protocol

Venture Round in 2022
Hubble Protocol is a decentralized financial platform that facilitates long-term borrowing, lending, and the creation of structured financial products. It aims to democratize access to decentralized finance by offering a range of sustainable financial services. The protocol's software supports multi-asset collateral and enables zero-interest borrowing, allowing users to leverage yield-bearing assets for loans. Additionally, Hubble enhances yield generation on deposits of various tokens, providing clients with optimized financial opportunities while minimizing costs associated with loans.

DeNet

Pre Seed Round in 2021
DeNet is a decentralized multichain storage platform that provides an alternative to traditional cloud services by utilizing unused storage space on personal computers. This innovative approach enables users to securely store data, including non-fungible tokens (NFTs), while enjoying a user-friendly experience similar to that of popular cloud services. DeNet prioritizes data security, drawing inspiration from platforms known for their robust privacy measures. Users who contribute their computer storage can earn tokens as rewards, thus participating in a decentralized ecosystem that combines data security with the opportunity to earn cryptocurrency. This makes DeNet an attractive option for those seeking both safety and affordability in data storage solutions.

LayerZero

Series A in 2021
LayerZero Labs is a developer of a blockchain messaging protocol that enables decentralized applications to operate across multiple blockchains. The company's platform facilitates data exchange and interoperability by connecting disparate blockchains, offering a streamlined solution for cross-chain applications. Utilizing an on-chain light node for validation, LayerZero improves speed, security, and cost-efficiency, as it streams block headers on-demand through decentralized oracles rather than maintaining all headers sequentially. This innovative approach allows clients to efficiently implement low-level communication primitives necessary for cross-chain functionality.

Qredo

Seed Round in 2021
Qredo Ltd is a London-based company that operates a platform designed to facilitate the secure and efficient movement of digital assets for institutional traders. Established in 2011, Qredo provides an open protocol and decentralized, multi-party computation network that enhances the security and custody of digital assets. Its solutions address the operational challenges and security risks associated with wallet key management, trading, storage, and transfer of these assets. By offering features such as cross-chain liquidity, treasury management tools, and peer-to-peer trading venues, Qredo aims to streamline the digital asset management process while mitigating cyber threats.

Benqi

Private Equity Round in 2021
BENQi is a developer of a decentralized finance (DeFi) liquidity protocol built on the Avalanche blockchain. The company focuses on creating a seamless platform for lending, borrowing, and earning interest on digital assets. By combining elements of traditional finance and decentralized finance, BENQi aims to democratize access to financial products, offering permissionless lending and borrowing options. The protocol is designed to be highly scalable and user-friendly, with an emphasis on low fees. Additionally, BENQi seeks to bridge multiple blockchain ecosystems, including Ethereum, Polkadot, and Binance Smart Chain, through Avalanche's subnets, positioning itself as a cross-chain DeFi solution that enhances liquidity and accessibility in the digital asset space.

Maverick Protocol

Maverick Protocol is a developer of a decentralized crypto derivatives platform that aims to create open, transparent, and efficient markets accessible to all users. The protocol is built on a decentralized finance (DeFi) infrastructure designed to facilitate highly liquid markets through its innovative automated market maker (AMM) system. Maverick Protocol offers users the ability to trade and stake any asset pair with low fees, fast execution, and enhanced capital efficiency. The platform prioritizes safety and security, allowing for permissionless trading of perpetual contracts backed by mid-cap tokens. Ultimately, Maverick Protocol seeks to provide a seamless ecosystem for traders while promoting financial inclusivity within the decentralized finance landscape.

DeversiFi

DeversiFi gives traders the edge in fast-moving decentralized finance (Defi) markets by allowing them to trade at lightning speed and with deep aggregated liquidity, directly from their privately owned cryptocurrency wallet. Traders can take advantage of more trading opportunities while always preserving control of their assets when they need to move fast. DeversiFi’s order-books are off-chain, but settlement occurs on the Ethereum blockchain. This means that traders benefit from fast-moving order books and instant execution, without having to trust the exchange and whilst always maintaining control of their assets at all times.
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