Flat6Labs is a Cairo-based seed and early-stage venture capital firm and accelerator in the MENA region. Since 2011 it has built a network of startup programs that support entrepreneurs from pre-seed through pre-Series A, and operates offices across the region including Cairo, Abu Dhabi, Amman, Beirut, Jeddah, Manama, and Tunis. The firm regularly funds more than 100 startups annually and provides a range of investment tickets from 50,000 to 500,000, supported by a broad investor network and extensive mentorship, investor, and corporate connections. Flat6Labs focuses on accelerating the growth of technology-driven startups by combining capital with mentorship, partnerships, and opportunities to scale regionally.

216 Capital Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Tunis, Tunisia, founded in 2021. It targets pre-seed and seed-stage investments in the early-stage technology sector, supporting founders who are building technology-driven companies. The firm brings together a team of international tech entrepreneurs and startup experts with experience investing in early-stage ventures from Tunisia and beyond, emphasizing collaboration with teams transforming technology into scalable solutions.

IFU is a venture capital and private equity firm based in Copenhagen, Denmark, that specializes in providing equity, mezzanine financing, loans, and guarantees to projects in developing countries. Established in 1967, IFU focuses on creating and financing new businesses, joint ventures between Danish companies and local partners, and acquiring existing ventures. The firm primarily invests in sectors such as commercial services, biofuels, renewable energy, and irrigation systems, with a particular emphasis on climate and agribusiness. Investments are targeted at countries with a low gross national income per capita, as defined by specific criteria, and include regions across Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. IFU typically invests between DKK 0.5 million and DKK 100 million and often seeks co-investment opportunities with Danish firms. The firm also supports small and medium-sized enterprises and provides advisory services for business investments in developing markets. With a preference for board membership, IFU aims to exit investments within five to seven years, ensuring a positive return for its stakeholders.

ACG Management, now known as SMALT Capital SA, is a private equity and venture capital firm founded in 2000, specializing in investments in unlisted small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across various sectors. The firm targets capital-succession deals and invests at all stages, including seed, startup, and mature stages. It focuses on growth capital, buyouts, and recapitalization transactions, typically investing between €0.05 million and €8 million per deal. ACG Management emphasizes sectors such as industrials, consumer goods, healthcare, renewable energy, and digital technologies, among others. The firm seeks to acquire minority stakes of up to 35% and majority stakes in its portfolio companies, often taking seats on their boards. With a geographic focus that spans France and several regions in North Africa and the Caribbean, ACG Management aims to adapt its strategies to regional market specifics. The firm typically exits investments after five years and also engages in co-investment opportunities. Its headquarters are in Marseille, France, with additional offices in various locations, including Paris and Tunis.

Algebra Ventures is a Cairo-based venture capital firm that focuses on early-stage technology investments in the Middle East and North Africa. It targets Series A and Series B opportunities across sectors such as fintech, consumer internet, e-commerce, online marketplaces, and other technology-enabled businesses. The firm primarily backs startups in Egypt and nearby markets, with a footprint in Jordan, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates, Tunisia, and Morocco. It seeks high-potential teams with a clear value proposition and the ability to scale, typically taking minority positions and making checks ranging from about 0.1 million to 4 million USD. Algebra Ventures emphasizes supporting capable founders and pursuing ventures that can generate meaningful regional impact and economic returns.

Smalt Capital is a private equity and venture capital firm that concentrates on small and mid-sized companies across a broad range of sectors, including manufacturing, software, energy, environment, healthcare, consumer goods, and the wine industry. It pursues capital-succession deals, growth capital, recapitalizations, and buyouts, investing through structures such as LBO, LBI, OBO, MBO, and MBI. The firm targets unlisted companies and typically takes minority stakes of up to 35% or majority stakes, often joining the boards of portfolio companies. It operates primarily in France and select international markets, with an investment pace of roughly €0.05 to €8 million per transaction for enterprises valued between €3 and €30 million and revenues between €1.5 and €50 million. It also engages in co-investments and supports development of products, processes, or services, including renewable energy and green economy themes. Smalt Capital was founded in 2000 and is headquartered in Marseille, with additional offices in Ajaccio, Nouméa, Paris, Saint-Denis, Tunis, and other locations.

Renew Capital is a venture capital firm focused on Africa, headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, established in 2007, that finances businesses operating in the impact and technology sectors across the continent and seeks to bridge critical gaps for Africa's growing companies by connecting them to a global network of impact investors.

Janngo is a startup studio and investment company focused on Africa, headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, with an additional office in Paris. Founded in 2018, it builds and funds ventures that leverage technology to deliver essential services to African consumers, accelerate growth of African SMEs, and create jobs, with emphasis on women and youth. It engages in seed through growth capital and seeks opportunities in sectors such as fashion, agriculture, media, education, finance, technology, and healthcare within the African digital ecosystem.

Wamda Capital is a Dubai-based venture capital firm that invests in seed and growth-stage technology companies in the MENA region. It seeks to guide portfolio companies through multiple rounds of financing toward an exit. The firm targets sectors including financial services, consumer goods, software, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence, with a focus on high-growth startups. By backing entrepreneurs across the MENA ecosystem, Wamda Capital aims to accelerate digital transformation and build regional tech leadership.

Oman Technology Fund is a venture capital firm based in Muscat, Oman, established in 2016, that also offers incubation and acceleration services. It invests in technology companies across Oman and the Middle East and operates three micro-funds designed for different stages: Techween for idea/seed with about $50,000 initial investment and potential follow-on, Wadi Accelerator for acceleration with initial around $100,000 and potential follow-on, and Jasoor Ventures for growth with approximately $0.5 million to $3 million and reserves for follow-on investments.

Egypt Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2017 and based in Cairo, Egypt. It prioritizes technology sector investments and supports the entrepreneurial ecosystem by investing in accelerators that nurture early-stage startups.

Orange is a leading digital operator that provides mobile and internet services in Europe and Africa, with a global corporate telecommunications arm that serves large enterprises, local authorities and SMEs worldwide. Through Orange Business Services, the group offers integrated voice and data, IT and cloud solutions, data center and network management, security, and unified communications designed to manage international operations. It supports complex projects across industries with end-to-end services, including IP voice, WAN-LAN design, application management and managed services. The company also maintains an innovation network and startup ecosystem through initiatives like Orange Fabs. Founded in 1991 and headquartered in Paris, France, Orange operates in around 30 countries and serves hundreds of millions of customers globally.

Kepple Africa Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2019 and based in Tokyo, Japan, that provides seed-, early-, and later-stage financing to African startups, with a focus on information technology, fintech, and consumer sectors.

European Investment Fund (EIF) is a public institution established in 1994 to improve access to finance for Europe's small and medium-sized businesses. It designs and develops venture capital and guarantee instruments to support SMEs and to catalyse private investment, aiming to build a robust European equity ecosystem. EIF engages in venture capital, growth capital, and guarantee operations, backing innovative entrepreneurs primarily in technology and life sciences, as well as across other sectors. Through cornerstone investments and fund participation, EIF seeks to crowd in private investors and stimulate venture activity across Europe. Its equity portfolio has grown substantially, with assets under management exceeding EUR 14 billion, reflecting its broad role in strengthening SME finance and supporting entrepreneurship and growth.

Admaius Capital Partners is an impact investing firm headquartered in Kigali, Rwanda, founded in 2021. The firm focuses on making investments in companies across several sectors, including digital infrastructure, financial services, fast-moving consumer goods, healthcare, and education, with an emphasis on opportunities within Africa. Admaius Capital Partners aims to generate positive social and economic outcomes through its investment strategies.

Vision Ventures is an early stage venture capital firm that partners with entrepreneurs to support Seed and Series A startups across diverse verticals. The firm emphasizes hands-on guidance in marketing, sales, product and service development, financial planning and management, and growth strategy, leveraging its founders’ and team's extensive experience in starting companies and guiding them to growth. The team brings multi-national, multi-cultural experience across countries and provides practical support to help startups navigate early-stage challenges and scale in competitive markets.

DAAL is a venture capital firm based in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, that provides growth capital and makes investments in information technology and emerging technologies. The firm targets sectors such as software as a service, artificial intelligence, internet of things, fintech, big data, products, and marketplaces, with a focus on the GCC region and opportunities beyond. DAAL aims to connect high-potential IT companies with the talent and leadership of Saudi and regional investors, offering mentorship and business development support to help portfolio companies scale internationally and enter Middle Eastern markets.

Siparex Group is a Lyon, France based private equity firm founded in 1977 that engages in multi-sector investments across software, commercial products, business services, manufacturing, e-commerce, life sciences, educational technology, robotics and drones, fintech and healthcare services, targeting transactions in France and Western Europe as well as the United States; the firm has grown into an independent, international investor over more than three decades, leveraging its regional roots and diverse sector focus to support growth and operational improvement in portfolio companies.

Launch Africa Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Ebene, Mauritius, founded in 2020. It invests in early-stage technology and platform-enabled businesses across Africa, with a focus on fintech, healthtech, climate tech, agritech, edtech, transportation, logistics, mobility, e-commerce, software as a service, artificial intelligence, big data, and analytics, spanning both business-to-business and business-to-consumer models.

Saudi Venture Capital Company is a venture capital firm based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, founded in 2018. It engages in direct investments as well as fund-of-funds activities, backing startups across seed, early, late, and growth stages and remains sector agnostic. The firm focuses on Saudi-based companies, typically committing at least SAR 0.1 million and seeking up to 30% ownership in a startup, including investments through funds in the venture capital and growth capital space. By supporting both direct rounds and fund-of-funds, it helps fill equity funding gaps for startups within the Saudi market.

Merck KGaA is a German multinational chemical and pharmaceutical company founded in 1668 in Darmstadt, making it one of the oldest operating science and technology firms. It operates in three main segments: Life Science, which supplies laboratory reagents, consumables and instruments; Electronics, which provides specialty materials for semiconductors and displays; and Healthcare, which develops and markets branded pharmaceuticals with notable activity in oncology, multiple sclerosis and fertility. The company conducts business across Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America, and it retains the rights to the Merck name outside the United States and Canada, where Merck & Co. operates independently as MSD/EMD Serono in healthcare and MilliporeSigma in life science. Merck KGaA emphasizes scientific exploration and responsible entrepreneurship across its operations and maintains a diversified portfolio spanning research, development and manufacturing for researchers, industries and consumers.

Arkéa Capital is the private equity and venture capital arm of Crédit Mutuel Arkéa, based in Le Relecq-Kerhuon, France. It engages in direct investments and fund-of-funds across sectors with a focus on France, especially Western regions. In seed and startup stages it typically invests between €0.1 million and €1 million; for growth capital, corporate restructuring or buyouts it ranges from €1 million to €70 million, aiming for long-term holdings and usually minority stakes, with possible co-investment. Exits typically occur after five to ten years, with longer horizons when acting as a reference shareholder in large-cap companies. Target sectors include agriculture and fishing, food and consumer goods, industrials and services, technology, energy, healthcare, financial services, logistics, and manufacturing.

Axivate Capital is a growth equity and private equity firm based in Amsterdam, Netherlands, that supports Dutch and European companies in digital media, e-commerce, internet and leisure, including travel and hospitality sectors. The firm invests in seed, early-stage ventures as well as buy-outs and growth capital, typically committing between €0.1 million and €5 million per participation and taking substantial minority or majority stakes. It partners with fast-growing companies that challenge large markets with disruptive business models or innovative technologies, offering hands-on value through strategic guidance, sector expertise and an extensive network rather than day-to-day management. Axivate aims to scale businesses for international growth and lasting value creation, aligning with management teams to accelerate expansion and transformation over a multi-year horizon. Founded in the early 2010s, Axivate operates primarily in Europe with a focus on Dutch and wider European opportunities.

Oxford Bioscience Partners is a venture capital firm established in 1992 that concentrates on life sciences, healthcare, and technology companies. The firm focuses on early-stage and seed investments, backing pre-commercial companies that address problems in the international life-science market. It is headquartered in Mansfield, Massachusetts, with an additional office in Seoul, South Korea, reflecting its global reach. Typical investments range from $1 million to $10 million, and the firm often acts as lead investor and takes board seats to provide strategic guidance and governance.

Venrock is a Palo Alto-based venture capital firm founded in 1969 as the venture capital arm of the Rockefeller family. It concentrates on seed and early-stage technology and healthcare investments and has backed landmark companies such as Apple Computer, Intel, Illumina, Gilead Sciences, Athenahealth, DoubleClick, Nest, SlideShare, and Tudou. The firm manages multiple funds and maintains a US-focused investment approach, supporting entrepreneurs across information technology, life sciences, and related sectors throughout their growth journey.

Global Life Science Ventures is a Germany-based venture capital and private equity firm focused on the life sciences sector. Founded in 1996, it operated with offices in Munich, Germany and Zug, Switzerland, and invested in early- to late-stage life science companies in the United States and Europe, including biotechnology ventures and sometimes buyouts. The firm provided capital, strategic guidance, and access to networks, and sought to be a lead investor or active co-investor while pursuing follow-on financing and board involvement in portfolio companies. It managed over €200 million across its funds. The business is described as out of business with liquidation completed in 2015.