International Finance Corporation (IFC), established in 1956 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a member of the World Bank Group dedicated to private sector development in developing countries. The organization provides a range of financial and advisory services to foster economic growth across various sectors, including agriculture, infrastructure, manufacturing, healthcare, education, and technology. IFC invests in both direct projects and funds, focusing on emerging markets and prioritizing sustainability and inclusive development. It offers a diverse array of financial instruments, such as equity, loans, and quasi-equity products, while adhering to strict investment guidelines that exclude certain industries, such as weapons, tobacco, and gambling. IFC typically invests between $1 million and $100 million, supporting projects that are predominantly privately owned in member countries. The organization does not actively manage portfolio companies but seeks to exit investments through equity sales or public listings, often maintaining equity stakes for eight to fifteen years.

Development Partners International (DPI) is a prominent Pan-African private equity firm headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Established in 2007 by co-founders Miles Morland and Runa Alam, DPI focuses on leveraging strong local knowledge and expertise to invest in the African market. The firm has successfully built a diverse portfolio, managing over US$1.1 billion in assets across various sectors, including telecommunications, financial services, healthcare, agriculture, mining, and renewable energy. DPI's investment team, comprised entirely of African professionals, brings more than 100 years of collective experience in African investment, with a notable emphasis on gender diversity—over 40% of the team are women. This unique combination of local networks, language skills, and sector expertise enables DPI to effectively source and execute investment opportunities throughout the continent.

TLG Capital is an award-winning private investment firm dedicated to empowering frontier market entrepreneurs, with a focus on opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).TLG firmly believes that impact creation is crucial to sustained financial success. They are committed to tackling persistent challenges and better directing resources towards improving the lives for some of the world’s most vulnerable people. Their investments have had a significantly social, environmental and development impact across Sub-Saharan Africa.TLG Africa Limited is a permanent capital investment vehicle focusing on equity opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). TLG Africa invests in sectors underpinned by the ‘rise of the African consumer’, such as: healthcare, finance, consumer goods and real estate. These investments include direct minority/majority stake investments, secondary opportunities and distressed fund restructurings. TLG Africa always seeks board representation, along with other minority protections. Notable investments include WHO pre-approved pharmaceutical plant QCIL (Uganda) and healthcare facilities in West Africa. In recognition for their efforts, their deals have won multiple awards including ‘Landmark Deal of the Decade’ in 2012 and 'Frontier Deal of the Year' in 2014 from Private Equity Africa.

Old Mutual Investment Group, founded in 1845 and headquartered in Pinelands, South Africa, is a diversified financial services organization that provides a wide array of financial solutions. It caters to individuals, small and medium-sized enterprises, and corporate clients, offering products that include life assurance, short-term insurance, loans, and banking services. Additionally, Old Mutual offers investment management services, focusing on sustainable investment strategies that address challenges such as climate change and social equity. The group is recognized as the largest Africa-domiciled asset manager, leveraging its extensive experience to manage substantial assets on behalf of its clients, while also providing unit trusts and property development services.

BIO is to support a strong private sector in developing and/or emerging countries, to enable them to gain access to growth and sustainable.

Helios Investment Partners is a private equity and venture capital firm specializing in buyouts of going concerns, recapitalization, mezzanine, growth capital for private enterprises, restructurings joint ventures, startups; either green-field or brownfield; and the majority or blocking-minority structured investments in listed entities. It seeks to invest in the telecommunications, media, financial services, power, utilities, travel, leisure, distribution, fast-moving consumer goods, logistics, and Agro-allied sectors. The firm prefers to invest in Africa with a focus on Nigeria, South Africa, and Kenya. It seeks to invest between $15 million and $200 million in an individual transaction. The firm prefers to have a board seat in its portfolio companies. Helios Investment Partners LLP was founded in 2004 and is based in London, United Kingdom.

Actis is a prominent private equity firm established in 2004, headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Specializing in growth markets across Africa, Asia, and Latin America, Actis focuses on sectors such as energy infrastructure, digital infrastructure, real estate, and consumer technology. The firm employs over 200 professionals, including approximately 120 investment experts, and operates from 16 offices worldwide. Actis has raised significant capital since its inception, investing in around 70 companies globally that collectively employ over 116,500 individuals. The firm adopts a unique 'south-south' investment strategy, emphasizing intra-growth market opportunities and leveraging local knowledge and relationships to foster responsible, competitive returns. With a culture of active ownership and deep sector expertise, Actis positions itself as a trusted partner for investors, management teams, entrepreneurs, and governments.

Standard Chartered PLC is a commercial bank headquartered in London, United Kingdom, with a history dating back to 1853. The bank operates through multiple segments, including Corporate & Institutional Banking, Retail Banking, Commercial Banking, and Private Banking, serving a diverse clientele that encompasses individuals, small businesses, mid-sized companies, corporations, financial institutions, and governments. Standard Chartered offers a comprehensive range of banking products and services, including current and savings accounts, mortgages, credit cards, personal and business loans, and wealth management solutions such as investment and portfolio management. The bank also provides specialized services like transaction banking, cash management, trade finance, corporate finance, and financial market services, including risk management and debt capital markets. With a presence across Asia, Africa, Europe, the Americas, and the Middle East, Standard Chartered operates approximately 1,026 branches and is known for its commitment to delivering digital banking solutions.

AfricInvest, established in 1994 and headquartered in Tunis, Tunisia, is a prominent private equity investment firm focused on supporting small and medium enterprises across Africa. With dedicated investment teams for both North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa, AfricInvest employs 66 professionals across seven offices. The firm has invested in 135 companies spanning 25 African countries, targeting high-growth sectors such as financial services, agribusiness, consumer goods, retail, education, and healthcare. AfricInvest is recognized for its strong, long-term relationships with local and international investors, including major development finance institutions. In addition to its investment activities, the firm actively promotes the private equity industry in Africa, having co-founded several key associations, including the African Venture Capital Association and the Middle East North Africa Private Equity Association.

Venture Partners Botswana is a prominent private equity firm based in Gaborone, Botswana, established in 2002. As the largest private equity fund manager in the country, it employs a disciplined investment approach, specializing in financing citizen-owned enterprises and joint ventures with foreign investors. The firm focuses on a variety of investment opportunities, including greenfield and early-stage projects, established companies seeking expansion capital, mergers and acquisitions, turnarounds, and management buy-outs. Venture Partners Botswana is currently preparing to manage its third private equity fund, which will concentrate on making substantial minority equity investments in companies throughout the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The firm operates within Botswana's stable economic environment, characterized by a robust legal framework, sound fiscal policies, and strong corporate governance, which collectively foster a transparent and efficient capital market.

EXEO Capital is a private equity firm established in 2007 and located in Bellville, South Africa. The firm specializes in alternative investments across various sectors, including food and agribusiness, non-food fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), supply chain solutions, health and wellness, private education, household goods, logistics, niche financial services, media, and industrial services. Known for its business-building capabilities, EXEO Capital aims to create value in its portfolio companies while contributing to the growth of the African economy.

Proparco is a Paris-based organization established in 1977 that specializes in providing private sector funding for sustainable development initiatives. It focuses on financing and supporting companies and financial institutions across Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Proparco targets key development sectors, including infrastructure—especially renewable energy—agriculture, financial institutions, health, and education. The organization aims to enhance the role of private entities in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the international community in 2015. By financing projects that create jobs, provide essential goods and services, and combat climate change, Proparco contributes to sustainable economic growth and development. Its financing solutions include loans, guarantees, equity, and quasi-equity options tailored to the needs of the private sector.

Saviu Ventures is a venture capital firm established in 2018 and headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. The firm specializes in investing in early-stage startups across Africa, focusing on sectors such as commercial products, commercial services, retail, e-commerce, fintech, and mobility. Saviu Ventures aims to make minority investments in companies at various stages of development, including seed and early-stage ventures, supporting innovative businesses that have the potential to drive growth and create value in the African market.

Sanari Capital is a South African private investment company. They partner with owners and management in building companies, concepts and ideas.

Norsad Finance Limited is a development finance company based in Gaborone, Botswana, founded in 1990. It specializes in providing funding for start-up and expansion investments in South Africa, focusing on mid-market growth companies that aim to contribute positively to the continent. Norsad Finance offers a range of financing options, including long-term investment loans, mezzanine finance, and equity financing. The company employs various financial instruments such as secured and unsecured debt, income participation loans, and convertible loans. Additionally, Norsad collaborates with development finance institutions and commercial banks to co-finance projects, tailoring its financing solutions to meet the specific needs of its clients.

Tana Africa Capital Managers (Pty) Ltd is a private equity firm investing through its fund Tana Africa Capital specializing in buyouts. The firm seeks to invest in consumer and agriculture sectors including agricultural production and processing of farm produce. Within the consumer sector, it focuses on food, beverage and personal care fast moving consumer goods, building materials, retail, and logistics.

SIDI is a principal investment firm based in Paris, France, established in 1983. The firm specializes in providing medium-term financing primarily to rural microfinance institutions (MFIs) and small producer businesses that focus on fair trade and organic products. SIDI aims to support micro and small entrepreneurs who are often excluded from traditional banking services by investing in Tier 2 MFIs, while also making selective equity investments in Tier 1 and Apex MFIs. The firm allocates a significant portion of its portfolio—75 percent—to Sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian Ocean, with the remaining 25 percent focused on North Africa. SIDI prioritizes investments in rural areas, targeting at least 50 percent of its funds for these regions, and dedicates 20 percent to producer organizations and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The firm typically uses a mix of equity, loans, and guarantees to facilitate its investments, supporting the initiatives of entrepreneurs and producers in the process.

Founded in 2009, Oasis Capital Ghana is a private equity based in Accra, Ghana. The firm seeks to invest in small & medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across Africa. The firm prefers education and real estate, to consumer goods and healthcare sectors.

Vital Capital is a private equity investment firm established in 2011 and based in Zurich, Switzerland. The firm focuses on enhancing the quality of life in rapidly developing nations, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, while generating attractive financial returns for its investors. With a seasoned team that boasts over 30 years of experience in the region, Vital Capital has successfully deployed billions of dollars into large-scale infrastructure projects. The firm primarily targets investments in urban housing solutions, integrated agro-industrial initiatives, and key sectors such as education and healthcare. Additionally, it explores opportunities in renewable energy and environmental projects. Vital Capital's strategic approach aims to align community needs with investment opportunities, creating a dual impact that improves local living conditions and supports sustainable economic growth.

Bopa Moruo Private Equity is a mid-market investment firm based in Sandton, South Africa, established in 2011. The firm specializes in private equity and private capital investments, focusing on generating long-term capital appreciation by developing and enhancing established businesses. Bopa Moruo targets growth capital, replacement capital, and transformational capital investments specifically within the industrial and services sectors. Its approach emphasizes building great businesses to achieve sustainable growth and value creation over time.

Lucara Diamond Corporation is a diamond producer with an asset in Botswana. Its Karowe Mine is a newly constructed state-of-the-art mine fully commissioned in Q2 2012. It is a large scale asset with tonnage and throughput upside and production has consistently included large, Type IIA stones. The high quality of diamonds has built a reputation amongst investors and the company has been successful in mining 40–50% of diamonds larger than 100 carats in the world.

Tembo Capital is a London-based private equity firm established in 2014, specializing in the mining, metals, and minerals sectors. The firm is recognized for its ability to identify and support emerging resource companies, leveraging its expertise to foster growth and development in the industry. With a strong track record, Tembo Capital focuses on investments that aim to enhance the operational capabilities and market positions of its portfolio companies.

The China-Africa Development Fund (CADFund) is a sovereign wealth fund based in Beijing, China, established in 2007 by the China Development Bank. Its primary purpose is to serve as an investment vehicle in Africa, focusing on fostering economic cooperation between China and the African continent. The fund invests in various assets, including stocks, convertible bonds, and other quasi-entity investments, with an emphasis on supporting Chinese enterprises operating in Africa or planning to expand there. CADFund aims to enhance Africa's economic development by facilitating infrastructure construction and promoting collaboration between Chinese and African businesses. Through its investments, the fund seeks to achieve mutual economic benefits and advance the overall growth of both regions.

Qalaa Holdings is a prominent investment company operating in Africa and the Middle East, focusing on sectors that drive economic growth and development. With investments totaling approximately US$ 9.5 billion, the company concentrates on five core industries: energy, transportation, agrifoods, mining, and cement. By transitioning to a business model that emphasizes longer holding periods and divesting from non-core investments, Qalaa Holdings aims to enhance value creation and sustainability in its portfolio. The firm leverages its extensive experience as a leading private equity player to build businesses that meet the needs of over 1.3 billion consumers across regions, including Egypt and parts of East and North Africa. Qalaa Holdings prioritizes innovation and strategic growth in its investment approach.

8 Miles is a private equity firm founded in 2008 and based in London, England, that focuses exclusively on investments in Africa. The firm targets consumer-driven businesses and service providers with strong growth potential across various sectors, including agribusiness, education, energy, healthcare, and technology. 8 Miles aims to partner with leading entrepreneurs and management teams, providing both capital and operational expertise to help achieve shared objectives. The firm emphasizes active ownership, engaging directly in the transformation of the businesses in which it invests. Its team comprises experienced professionals with a deep understanding of both developed and emerging markets, enabling them to navigate the unique opportunities and challenges present in Africa. Through its approach, 8 Miles seeks to deliver superior returns while fostering lasting operational improvements in African companies.

GE Capital Equity was the private equity investment arm of General Electric, focusing on maximizing returns through strategic equity investments. The firm specialized in acquiring minority ownership stakes in established companies with significant growth potential across various sectors, including healthcare, energy, transportation, and aviation. GE Capital Equity leveraged its extensive industry expertise and global reach to identify and support strong management teams in these high-growth areas. By engaging in investment opportunities such as growth capital, buy-out co-investments, and recapitalizations, the firm aimed to foster sustainable value creation and enhance the overall performance of its portfolio companies.

Phatisa is a growth equity investment firm established in 2005 and based in Bamboo, Mauritius. The company focuses on investing in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across Africa, particularly within the food value chain and affordable housing sectors. Phatisa specializes in management buy-outs, buy-ins, expansions, acquisitions, refinancings, and the establishment of new ventures. Additionally, it engages in real estate projects that emphasize affordable and middle-income residential developments, as well as mixed-use developments that combine housing with commercial spaces in urban areas. The firm maintains a clear investment strategy and does not participate in sectors such as bio-fuels, timber, or alcoholic beverages, nor does it provide grants or soft loans.

Sanaga Ventures actively invests in and supports new and emerging ventures across the African continent. They offer finance and coaching to assist in building the capacity of their partners to the stage where they can achieve financial sustainability and critical mass in their operations.

The EuroMena Funds is one of the MEA region’s leading private equity firms specialized in emerging markets with a track record of successful investments.

Inspired Evolution is a private equity and venture capital firm founded in 2007 and based in Cape Town, South Africa, with additional offices in Mauritius, Ivory Coast, Kenya, and the United Kingdom. The firm specializes in investments in clean energy and resource efficiency, focusing on sectors such as renewable energy generation, waste management, water purification, and sustainable agriculture. Inspired Evolution targets companies in the Southern African Development Community, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a strong emphasis on nations like Ethiopia, Ghana, and Nigeria. The firm typically invests between $1.4 million and $14 million in companies with enterprise values ranging from $1.34 million to $15 million, aiming to acquire significant minority or majority stakes and often seeking board representation. Inspired Evolution also provides advisory services to its portfolio companies, emphasizing sustainable practices that align with social equity and ecological integrity.

Adenia Partners is a private capital management firm established in 2002 and headquartered in Port Louis, Mauritius. The firm focuses on investing in promising businesses throughout Africa, targeting sectors such as agribusiness, manufacturing, financial services, telecommunications, hospitality, and healthcare. By leveraging its expertise and insights, Adenia Partners aims to foster growth in these industries and contribute to the development of the African economy.

Gray Ghost Ventures is an impact investment firm established in 2003 and based in Atlanta, Georgia. The firm specializes in providing market-based capital solutions to entrepreneurs who address the needs of low-income communities in emerging markets. Gray Ghost Ventures focuses on seed-stage and early-stage companies, investing primarily in areas such as microfinance, social ventures, affordable private education, consumer products, consumer services, healthcare, information technology, and cleantech. Its investment strategy is centered on fostering sustainable growth and social impact in regions like South Asia and Southern Africa.

EchoVC Partners LLC is a venture capital firm based in Lagos, Nigeria, specializing in seed and early-stage investments across various sectors. The firm focuses on internet technologies, including smart graph platforms, consumer internet, media, smart data applications, and enterprise solutions. It also emphasizes investments in e-commerce, digital media, and underserved entrepreneurs in North America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. EchoVC Partners aims to finance innovative teams and business models, with an average investment size ranging from $25,000 to $20 million, tailored to the specific needs of the businesses it supports. Its approach is stage-agnostic, enabling flexibility in funding opportunities while targeting high-potential markets and technologies.

Barloworld Equipment is the Southern African dealer for Cat Earthmoving Equipment, with operations in South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia, Angola, Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique and joint ventures in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Barloworld Equipment also holds full ownership of the main dealership on the Iberian peninsular and has recently completed the buy-out of their joint partner in the eastern Russia, Siberia dealership.

Alitheia Capital is an impact investing firm founded in 2007 and located in Lagos, Nigeria. The firm focuses on providing both social and financial returns by investing in businesses that improve access to essential goods and services for small and growing enterprises as well as low-income households. Alitheia Capital aims to generate positive social impact while achieving sustainable financial growth, aligning its investment strategy with the needs of underserved communities.

Veris Investments is a private equity firm established in 2013 and based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The firm focuses on enhancing the food value chain by investing in sectors located in Sub-Saharan Africa. Through its investments, Veris aims to make a positive impact on food security in the region, addressing critical challenges and fostering sustainable development.

Man Capital is the private equity fund and investment arm of the Mansour Group which is based in London.

Oikocredit is guided by the principle of empowering people. Their experience proves that the most effective and sustainable means of assisting those in need is providing an opportunity to help themselves.

Temasek Holdings is a Singapore-based investment company founded in 1974. The firm specializes in providing debt financing and is dedicated to transforming economies, enhancing middle-income populations, and fostering emerging champions. Temasek operates across various sectors, including financial services, transportation, industrial, consumer goods, real estate, telecommunications, media, technology, and life sciences. Its strategic focus is on developing comparative advantages within these industries to support sustainable growth and innovation.

Accion is a global nonprofit organization founded in 1961 and headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Its mission is to provide access to financial tools that empower individuals and communities, particularly those who are underserved or inadequately served by traditional financial systems. Accion catalyzes the financial services sector to deliver affordable and high-quality solutions at scale, enabling people and small businesses to thrive. The organization engages with industry leaders and regulators to advocate for financial inclusion and works closely with fintech startups through advisory services and coaching. By offering governance support and facilitating connections with technical experts and the broader financial community, Accion helps innovative companies develop strategies that improve access to and the quality of financial services. Through its initiatives, Accion aims to drive systemic change, fostering a financially inclusive world.

The European Investment Bank (EIB) is a key financial institution that provides various financial services, including loans, guarantees, equity investments, and advisory support. Focused on fostering economic growth and sustainable development, EIB plays a significant role in addressing global challenges, particularly in climate action. EIB Global, its division for activities beyond the European Union, extends the bank's mission by facilitating investments and initiatives that promote environmental sustainability and economic progress in developing regions. Through its comprehensive financial tools and expertise, EIB aims to contribute to the development of resilient economies and the effective implementation of projects that align with its strategic objectives.

The Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) is a financial institution dedicated to promoting sustainable industrial development in Africa. It plays a crucial role in establishing industries across various sectors, including agriculture, livestock, forestry, tourism, manufacturing, mining, infrastructure, and financial services. IDC actively identifies investment opportunities that align with government policy objectives and serves as a catalyst for development by initiating projects independently or in partnership with private sector entities and other organizations focused on development. Through its initiatives, IDC aims to enhance economic growth and create a more robust industrial landscape in the region.

Investec is a specialist bank and asset management company headquartered in London, United Kingdom, with operations in South Africa, Australia, and internationally. Established in 1974, it operates through three main divisions: asset management, wealth and investment, and specialist banking. The asset management division delivers active investment products and services to both institutional and individual investors, focusing on global, emerging, and frontier markets across various asset classes. The wealth and investment division offers comprehensive wealth management services, including portfolio management, private office support, and stockbroking, along with investments, savings, pensions, and tax planning for individuals, families, trusts, and charities. Meanwhile, the specialist banking division caters to personal and business clients by providing private banking services, corporate and institutional banking, and corporate advisory services. This includes a range of offerings such as transactional banking, lending, deposits, and investment services for high-net-worth clients, as well as specialized financial services for corporate, government, and institutional clients.

The Public Investment Corporation (PIC) is a government-owned investment management company based in Pretoria, South Africa, established in 1911. As the only firm in the country that focuses exclusively on the public sector, PIC manages assets for a range of public entities, including pension funds, social security funds, and development funds. With its operations comparable to those of private sector asset managers, PIC is recognized as one of the largest and most successful investment managers in Africa. The organization employs a combination of both internal and external fund managers to oversee its investments, ensuring a diverse and strategic approach to asset management. The governance of PIC is overseen by a board of directors, which is responsible for directing the management of the fund's assets.

Ethos Private Equity, founded in 1984 and based in Illovo, South Africa, is a prominent private equity firm that has played a pioneering role in the South African market. With a focus on long-term investments, Ethos targets medium-to-large businesses across various sectors, including financial services, healthcare, agriculture, food, manufacturing, mining, information technology, telecommunications, electronics, retail, logistics, construction, and transportation. The firm has successfully invested in over 100 companies, leveraging extensive local networks and international reach to achieve consistent outperformance relative to the stock market. Ethos is independently owned and managed, ensuring that the interests of its investment professionals are aligned with those of its stakeholders. The firm is actively investing from its sixth fund, which represents one of the largest pools of third-party capital in Africa.

Onex is a private equity firm established in 1984 and headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. The company invests and manages capital on behalf of its shareholders and institutional investors, focusing on a diverse range of sectors including aerospace and defense, building products, construction and engineering, media, retail, transportation, financial services, healthcare devices, healthcare supplies and services, communications and networking, software, chemicals, and industrials. In addition to its private equity activities, Onex Credit specializes in non-investment grade credit markets, encompassing leveraged loans, collateralized loan obligations (CLOs), direct lending, high yield investments, and opportunistic strategies.

Stellantis NV, established on January 16, 2021, through the merger of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles and PSA Group, has become the world's fifth-largest automaker. The company encompasses 14 automobile brands and offers a diverse range of vehicles, including passenger cars, pickup trucks, SUVs, and commercial vehicles. In 2023, Stellantis reported a sales volume of 6.2 million vehicles and generated EUR 189.5 billion in revenue, with Europe being its largest market, contributing 44% of global sales. Stellantis is in the process of transforming into a sustainable mobility technology company, focusing on electrification and software strategies while fostering strategic partnerships. Additionally, Stellantis Ventures, the company’s corporate venture arm, invests in startups that develop innovative technologies related to sustainability and mobility, targeting sectors such as advanced materials, energy storage, autonomous driving, and connectivity.

The Public Investment Fund (PIF) of Saudi Arabia, established in 1971 and based in Riyadh, is one of the largest sovereign wealth funds globally, playing a pivotal role in the nation’s economic transformation. PIF focuses on sustainable investments across a diverse portfolio that includes domestic, regional, and international assets in various sectors. The fund aims to localize modern technology and stimulate economic growth by financing strategically significant projects that align with the country’s development goals. PIF is actively expanding its international presence through strategic partnerships and initiatives, contributing to the broader objectives outlined in the Vision program, which seeks to diversify the economy and enhance its global competitiveness. The fund's assets are managed by a dedicated executive team, ensuring a cohesive approach to investment and development.

Yıldız Ventures is one of the largest financial and strategic investors in the tech ecosystem in Turkey, focusing on CVC activities mainly in food, consumer, e-commerce and retail technologies and VC activities with an early stage and sector agnostic investment approach by investing either directly to start-ups or indirectly through VC funds globally