Refactor Capital is a Burlingame, California-based venture capital firm focusing on seed- and early-stage investments in hard technology, biotechnology, health, climate, and related sectors. The firm is led by Zal Bilimoria, a former partner at Andreessen Horowitz and a veteran product and engineering executive with experience at Google, Netflix, and LinkedIn, who typically leads seed rounds with checks in the 1–2 million range.

Antler is a global venture capital firm based in Singapore that backs early-stage technology companies. It runs incubation programs and provides a global community of co-founders, access to talent, expert advisors, expansion support, and capital to help startups grow. The firm targets a broad range of sectors, including healthcare, finance, software, energy, consumer and B2B technologies, and operates through regional programs across Europe, the United States, the United Kingdom, Southeast Asia, India, Africa, and beyond.

Alumni Ventures Group is a venture capital firm based in Manchester, New Hampshire, established in 2013. It targets individual accredited investors who previously had limited access to venture capital by enabling alumni from top entrepreneurial schools to invest together in ventures led by fellow alumni. The firm backs companies with an alumni connection and an institutional lead investor with sector expertise. It offers focused funds that provide accredited investors access to a diversified venture portfolio by type, sector, stage, and geography. The organization engages in seed, early-stage, and late-stage pre-IPO investments across technology, consumer, financial services, health care, life sciences, and other sectors.

East Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2009 and based in Singapore, investing in technology startups across Southeast Asia, including Singapore and Indonesia. It provides early-stage investments and, as described by sources, supports a multi-stage approach from seed to growth across sectors such as e-commerce, software, fintech, health tech, edtech, crypto, logistics, and AI. The firm has backed notable Southeast Asian tech companies, illustrating an active role in developing the regional startup ecosystem and supporting portfolio companies through growth in dynamic markets.

GGV Capital is a global venture capital firm that, as of March 2024, operates as two separate brands: Granite Asia, based in Singapore, which invests across the Asia-Pacific region including Southeast Asia, Japan, China, India, and Australia; and Notable Capital, based in Silicon Valley with offices in San Francisco and New York, which invests in the United States, Israel, Europe, and Latin America. Founded in 2000, the firm has a long track record of providing expansion and early-stage capital to technology companies in the United States and China, and it supports portfolio companies across software, IT, cloud, and related technology sectors.

Gaingels is a venture investment organization focused on LGBTQ+-founded and led companies and their allies, investing across stages from pre-seed to pre-IPO and maintaining a global portfolio. Founded in 2014 and based in New York, it operates as a syndicate with more than 130 portfolio companies and around $70 million deployed. The organization supports inclusive leadership by backing ventures that promote diverse C-suite and board representation and actively assists portfolio companies in recruiting diverse executive talent. It also fosters a global community of industry leaders, investors, operators, and entrepreneurs who pursue positive social change through business and successful investments.

Rethink Education provides a cloud-based platform that enables organizations to design simple mobile-first courses for employees or students, accessible on any device at any time with minimal data usage, and eliminates the need for local backup or storage. The solution focuses on delivering training and educational content across devices, ensuring reliable access without device-specific constraints.

General Catalyst is a venture capital firm founded in 2000 that provides early-stage and growth equity investments in technology companies. It supports portfolio companies with momentum and mentorship to accelerate growth toward long-term success and typically engages across seed to growth stages, potentially taking minority or majority stakes. The firm targets a broad range of sectors enabled by software and technology, including consumer, enterprise, fintech, crypto, healthcare IT, and related areas, and maintains a multi-region presence with offices in North America and Europe to back companies as they scale globally.

ANRI is a Tokyo-based Japanese venture capital firm founded in 2012 that backs seed and early-stage startups across a broad range of sectors, including information technology, software, hardware, energy, blockchain, life sciences, robotics, media, telecom, and business services. The firm manages multiple funds, including those focused on minority- and women-owned businesses and climate tech, with investments in areas such as solar and wind power, energy storage, hydrogen, CCUS, and artificial photosynthesis. ANRI pursues early-stage opportunities in tech-enabled industries and supports founders from inception through growth, seeking to back diverse teams and innovative business models.

IDG Capital is a global investment firm that backs technology-focused companies across stages, from early to growth. With a blend of international reach and local market insight, the firm mobilizes resources to help portfolio companies scale in China, Asia, and beyond. It partners with private equity and venture capital fund managers and other investment entities, drawing on a broad base of limited partners including sovereign wealth funds, pension funds, institutions, and family offices. The team combines deep local knowledge with global perspectives to identify opportunities and provide strategic support, governance, and access to networks that accelerate growth. IDG Capital targets software, information technology, consumer and healthcare sectors, among others, and pursues a long-term value strategy through active collaboration with management teams and ecosystem players rather than short-term financing alone.

Right Side Capital Management is a San Francisco-based venture capital firm founded in 2010 that invests in early-stage technology startups. It specializes in pre-seed and seed rounds for capital-efficient companies, with a focus on the United States and Canada and occasional activity in Western Europe, Israel, Australia, and New Zealand. The firm typically makes 75 to 100 investments per year, with round sizes from 50,000 to 500,000 and pre-money valuations ranging from 1,000,000 to 3,500,000. Portfolio companies are typically located outside the San Francisco Bay Area and New York City, and the firm aims to provide a clear yes or no on opportunities within about two weeks.

AppWorks is a Taipei-based venture capital firm and startup accelerator that supports seed to early-stage technology companies across Taiwan and Southeast Asia. The organization provides seed funding through its accelerator and growth financing through its own funds, and operates AppWorks School to prepare engineers for tech careers. AppWorks focuses on sectors including artificial intelligence, machine learning, the internet of things, web3 and blockchain, while also backing fintech, consumer tech and logistics initiatives in the region.

SMBC Venture Capital is the corporate venture capital arm of Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation. Founded in 2005 and headquartered in Tokyo, with an office in Osaka, the firm invests in growth capital and buyouts across multiple sectors. It targets information technology, life sciences, services, and manufacturing, supporting portfolio companies with strategic value and access to SMBC's network and resources.

Reach Capital is a venture capital firm focused on education technology and related sectors. Founded in 2015 and based in San Francisco, it concentrates on early-stage investments in startups that develop technology tools, applications, content, and services to improve educational opportunities across K-12, higher education, and workforce reskilling. The firm backs edtech solutions for schools, districts, and learners, and aims to catalyze further investment in the growing edtech market. By supporting companies across B2B and B2C models, Reach Capital seeks to advance educational software and services that enhance learning outcomes and access throughout the United States.

Citigroup is a diversified financial services company providing a broad range of financial products and services to consumers, corporations, governments, and institutions worldwide. It operates through two main segments: Global Consumer Banking, which includes retail banking, Citi-branded cards, and consumer finance, and Institutional Clients Group, which covers wholesale banking, investment banking, fixed income and equity sales and trading, foreign exchange, prime brokerage, research, corporate lending, cash management, trade finance, and securities services. The company maintains a global footprint across regions including Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, North and Latin America, and emphasizes sustainability and social responsibility initiatives.

Inflection Point Ventures is an Indian angel investor network based in Gurgaon, founded in 2018. It connects startups in early to mid stages with a broad network of institutional and individual investors, including CXOs, high-net-worth individuals and family offices, to provide capital, mentorship and market access. The organization emphasizes accessibility and transparency in angel investing, with a low membership fee and small initial investment per investor, supported by extensive upfront due diligence led by industry experts. It operates across multiple sectors, including healthcare, software, clean technology, deep technology, e-commerce, edtech, fintech, gaming and social platforms, HR tech, IoT, logistics, mobility, proptech, retail technology, sports and fitness, and consumer durables. By leveraging its network, Inflection Point Ventures aims to assist entrepreneurs with guidance, customer acquisition and strategic connections, helping founders scale startups in diverse domains.

Ulu Ventures is a Palo Alto, California-based seed- and early-stage venture capital firm focused on technology-driven startups across IT, software, internet-enabled services, EdTech, FinTech, IoT, digital media, and related sectors in the United States, with a Bay Area emphasis. Founded in 2008, the firm backs diverse entrepreneurial teams and frequently co-invests with other angels or venture funds in early rounds. Ulu is noted as the first Latina-led venture fund in Silicon Valley and is among the largest in the country by assets under management, with over $200M.

Bossa Invest is a venture capital firm based in Sao Paulo, Brazil, founded in 2011, that manages investment portfolios and provides asset management services to clients across sectors, with a focus on software as a service companies, and analyzes market trends to inform its investment decisions while operating in finance, technology, and real estate.

K50 Ventures is an early-stage venture capital firm in New York that offers the initial institutional funding and ongoing support to founders leveraging technology to improve access and affordability in health, finance, and work for the world's working class.

FJ Labs is a New York-based venture capital firm founded in 2015 by Fabrice Grinda. It is stage-agnostic and focuses on marketplaces and consumer-facing startups, making seed and Series A investments. Typical checks range from 50,000 to 5,000,000 dollars. The firm supports early-stage companies across sectors such as e-commerce, fintech, ad tech, mobile, and software-as-a-service, seeking opportunities with high growth potential in the United States and internationally. Its portfolio includes a mix of consumer brands and marketplace platforms, reflecting an emphasis on business models that connect buyers and sellers or enable direct consumer experiences. FJ Labs aims to back entrepreneurs building scalable, disruptively positioned products and services, often partnering with founders early in their development to help accelerate growth.

City Light Capital is a New York-based venture capital firm founded in 2004 that conducts early- and growth-stage investments in United States companies. It backs teams building category-defining solutions across education, safety and care, and the environment, as well as technology-enabled sectors such as digital health, climate, energy, agriculture, and IoT. The firm pursues impact-oriented investments designed to scale revenue and improve lives by partnering with experienced entrepreneurs to build durable, market-leading businesses. City Light emphasizes aligning financial returns with social and environmental outcomes and acts as an active, hands-on investor across a broad range of sectors addressing societal challenges.

Money Forward Venture Partners is a venture capital firm that manages the HIRAC FUND, a seed fund dedicated to investing in early‑stage startups. The firm focuses on identifying high‑potential companies at the seed and early‑stage phases, providing capital and strategic support to help them grow.

SFC Capital is a United Kingdom-based venture capital firm founded in 2012 that makes early-stage investments in UK startups, including pre-seed and seed rounds. It backs companies across sectors such as software, technology, e-commerce, consumer, enterprise, green tech, medical technology, and hospitality, providing capital plus strategic guidance to support growth and product development. The firm operates a model that combines an angel network with seed funds to back SEIS- and EIS-qualifying businesses, aiming to offer exposure to a diversified portfolio while delivering hands-on support to portfolio companies.

ah! Ventures is a Mumbai-based venture capital firm established in 2009 that invests in early-stage startups. The firm is described as a curated, sector-agnostic fundraising platform for Indian startups seeking capital, supported by a large network of investors including thousands of angel, institutional, and family-office investors. It reports a high-volume deal flow and positions itself as a premier aggregator in India's startup ecosystem, aiming to catalyze growth across a broad range of sectors.

Whiteboard Capital is an early-stage investment firm based in Mumbai, India, founded in 2017. The firm adopts a sector-agnostic approach, investing in a diverse range of industries, including consumer, financial, and healthcare sectors. Through its investments, Whiteboard Capital aims to support and nurture innovative companies at the beginning of their growth journey.

SOSV is a global venture capital firm based in Princeton, New Jersey, founded in 1995, that focuses on seed to growth investments in deep technology across health, environmental tech, hardware, robotics, and cross border software, with a particular emphasis on Asia. The company runs accelerator style startup development programs, including HAX and IndieBio, which provide facilities, engineering resources, and lab equipment to help founders accelerate product development, acquire customers, and attract later stage funding. SOSV pursues a limited number of high potential startups, offering extensive hands on support to speed commercialization and scale, and aims to back innovations that improve human and planetary health.

Precursor Ventures is a San Francisco-based venture capital firm that backs early-stage startups, focusing on pre-seed and seed rounds in North America. It invests in B2B and B2C software applications and hardware across sectors including consumer, digital health, education, enterprise, fintech, marketplace, SaaS, information technology, media, and more. The firm tends to support companies in the San Francisco Bay Area, New York, and Toronto, with activity in other U.S., Canada, and Mexico markets. Typical investments range from USD 0.1 million to 0.25 million per company. Founded in 2015, Precursor Ventures emphasizes investing in people and has adopted a Diversity Term Sheet Rider.

Halogen Ventures is a Los Angeles-based venture capital firm that backs early-stage startups founded or led by women, with a focus on consumer technology and B2B software. The firm invests across pre-seed, seed, and Series A rounds and prioritizes companies with female founders on the founding team. It provides active, hands-on support to portfolio companies, helping them build networks, gain brand exposure, recruit talent, raise follow-on rounds, and navigate exits such as acquisition or IPO.

Mad’a Investment Company is the private equity and venture capital arm of Abdul Aziz Al Othaim & Sons Holding Company, specializing in growth capital investments with a focus on the Saudi Arabian market. Founded in 2017 and headquartered in Riyadh, the firm works with management teams to unlock value and drive performance across its portfolio. It seeks to contribute to the Kingdom’s development and aligns its investment approach with national priorities, including Vision 2030. The company has expanded its presence with additional offices in Seef, Bahrain, and Dubai, United Arab Emirates, to support regional opportunities and collaboration with portfolio companies.

Sequoia Capital is a venture capital firm founded in 1972 and based in Menlo Park, California. It pursues investments across multiple sectors, including information technology, healthcare, manufacturing, mobile, nanotechnology, financial services, internet, energy, media, and retail, and provides early to growth-stage funding coupled with strategic support to help founders build lasting, category-defining companies.

Omidyar Network is an impact investing firm founded in 2004 by Pierre and Pam Omidyar. It supports social entrepreneurs through both investments and grants, aiming to improve lives and communities by funding organizations that harness technology and innovation. The firm operates as a philanthropic investment organization, focusing on catalyzing social impact across areas such as access to capital, media, markets and transparency, governance, citizen engagement, and information access. It backs both for profit and non-profit ventures, spanning seed to growth stages, and emphasizes responsible tech, digital inclusion, and strengthening institutions and democratic processes. The organization seeks to empower individuals and communities through investments that promote better governance, informed citizenship, and thriving communities worldwide.

Trust Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2018 and based in Austin, Texas. It focuses on investments in technology sector companies and provides knowledge and practical expertise drawn from experience in incumbent-heavy industries.

Northern Light Venture Capital is a China-focused venture capital firm founded in 2005 that concentrates on early and growth-stage technology opportunities. It targets information technology, TMT, clean technologies, healthcare, consumer services, and related sectors, aiming to back enterprises that leverage China's industrial and human resources strengths. The firm has raised multiple funds, including RMB and US dollar vehicles, and has invested in more than 180 portfolio companies. Notable early investments include Meituan.com, Kaixin001.com, Gogo.com, redbaby.com, MasaMaso.com, and Velo City, reflecting a focus on technology-enabled businesses across China with global potential. The management team combines local industry executives and returnee professionals with broad investing and entrepreneurial experience, supporting portfolio companies through scale and internationalization.

Innovation Works is a Pittsburgh-based venture capital firm established in 1999 that targets seed-stage technology companies in Southwestern Pennsylvania. It provides capital, business guidance, and other resources to high-potential startups and is the region's largest seed-stage investor. The organization also helps manufacturers adopt new technologies and pursues investments in robotics, artificial intelligence, medical devices, retail technologies, and enterprise software.

Brand Foundry Ventures is a venture capital firm founded in 2014 and based in Austin, Texas. It concentrates on early-stage investments in the consumer and business sectors, backing startups as they grow from inception toward market traction. The firm operates as an investment adviser in the venture ecosystem, leveraging its experience to support portfolio companies with strategic guidance and industry connections.

Venture Catalysts is an integrated incubator that provides funding, mentorship, and a broad network to early-stage startups. It offers investments ranging from 500K to 2 million per startup with incubation support for 18-24 months. Founded in 2016, it has built a large network of 4500+ angel investors across 36 cities in six countries, with co-investments from notable global investors. The organization prioritizes developing the startup ecosystem in Tier II and III cities in India, operating incubation programs in cities such as Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Raipur, Surat, Nagpur, as well as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore and Kolkata. It supports seed and Series A rounds, provides strategic guidance and business-lead generation through its network, and helps startups access education and opportunities for investor engagement. More than 10 incubatee companies have raised Series A in recent years, underscoring its role in early-stage investments and incubation leadership.

Upfront Ventures is a California-based early-stage venture capital firm founded in 1996 that backs technology-enabled startups. It primarily funds seed and pre-seed rounds, with follow-on investments, across software, information technology, fintech, healthcare technology, consumer internet, AI, and related sectors. The firm maintains a strong Southern California footprint while investing across the United States and selectively in Europe and Israel. Led by managing partners Yves Sisteron, Mark Suster, and Kara Nortman, Upfront Ventures has backed notable companies such as Ring, Maker Studios, Bird, GOAT, Apeel Sciences, and thredUP, reflecting its experience across consumer and enterprise tech.

Goodwater Capital is a California-based venture capital firm founded in 2014 and headquartered in Burlingame. It focuses on early-stage investments in consumer technology and related sectors, including housing, financial services, software, healthcare, education, and entertainment. The firm seeks to empower exceptional entrepreneurs solving pressing problems and believes consumer technology can reshape culture and the global economy. By backing founders who create products and platforms that consumers love, Goodwater aims to drive significant, scalable impact and improve billions of lives.

NextView Ventures is a Boston- and New York-based venture capital firm founded in 2010 that focuses on seed and early-stage investments across a broad set of sectors including fintech, software, B2B and consumer technologies, health, and internet-enabled businesses. The firm operates on a hands-on, high-conviction approach, often taking a lead or board role in portfolio companies and supporting them through early growth. It targets U.S. startups, with a notable emphasis on the Boston and New York ecosystems, and maintains an accelerator program that provides investment and guidance to a small number of pre-seed and seed ventures. NextView emphasizes thematic investing and aims to help entrepreneurs build companies of significance to shape a future of collective prosperity.

Maveron is a Seattle-based venture capital firm founded in 1998 by Dan Levitan and Howard Schultz. The firm, with additional offices in San Francisco and New York, focuses on seed to growth-stage investments in consumer-focused companies across the United States. Maveron backs early-stage and later-stage consumer technology, retail and services businesses that empower consumers to live on their terms, investing selectively and often taking a lead role. Its portfolio has included consumer brands such as Zulily, Allbirds, General Assembly and Trupanion, among others. With about 800 million dollars under management, Maveron pursues opportunities across sectors including housing, education, health and wellness, e-commerce and other consumer-centric tech, and looks for differentiated brands and direct-to-consumer or innovative consumer models. The firm emphasizes partnering with entrepreneurs to build scalable consumer businesses and maintains a focus on the consumer continuum, from startups to growth-stage companies.

Everywhere Ventures is a New York-based venture capital firm founded in 2017. It operates as a community-powered, early-stage investor that combines capital, mentorship, and operational experience from founders and operators across ten micro funds. The firm funds pre-seed startups globally, with emphasis on purpose-driven teams in the money, health, and work verticals, and typically participates in the first financing round. Its limited partners include more than 500 founders and operators who provide hands-on guidance and contribute to the fund's capital. The model centers on founders helping founders, aiming to accelerate the next generation of entrepreneurs through a collaborative platform rather than a traditional fund structure.

BBG Ventures is a New York-based venture capital firm that backs early-stage startups, with a focus on companies led by women. The firm funds both consumer and enterprise-oriented ventures and seeks scalable solutions across sectors such as health and wellbeing, education and the future of work, climate-friendly commerce, and inclusive consumer experiences. BBG Ventures prioritizes investments where at least one founder is a woman and where the business model targets large markets and meaningful impact. The firm has a preference for early-stage rounds and opportunities in areas including mobile, software, digital media, and vertical artificial intelligence, supporting ventures that reshape everyday life and consumer behavior. By pairing capital with hands-on support, BBG Ventures aims to accelerate growth for overlooked founders and drive innovation across North America.

Magnify Ventures is an early-stage venture capital firm based in Santa Monica, California. It backs founders with bold ideas to transform how modern families live, work, and care for each other, by investing in technology-driven startups across the United States, Canada, and the broader Americas.

Western Technology Investment is a venture debt firm founded in 1980 and based in Portola Valley, California. It specializes in providing debt and lease financing to revenue-generating, VC-backed technology and life sciences companies, including acquisition financing and fully usable growth capital. Typical financings range from $250,000 to $30 million, and in selected cases may include equity through warrants or a combined debt-and-equity structure. The firm targets companies with substantial scale, aiming for at least $25 million in annual sales within five years. As a registered investment adviser, Western Technology Investment structures its financing to support early through mid-stage growth, across North America. The firm emphasizes venture lending and has historically supported a broad range of technology and life sciences ventures.

Ibtikar Fund is a Ramallah-based venture capital firm founded in 2015 that targets seed and early-stage technology startups, with a focus on Palestinian founders. It seeks to back companies across information technology, software, media, and related tech sectors, supporting them from initial investment through acceleration and early growth, and sometimes into Series A rounds. The firm emphasizes hands-on support from its management team and a network of advisors and investors to help portfolio companies scale, create regional and global impact, and address the funding gap between accelerators and later-stage investors.

Established in 2021 and headquartered in New York, Difference Partners is an early-stage investment firm dedicated to supporting companies that develop innovative solutions for individuals with neurodiversity conditions such as autism, ADHD, and dyslexia.

Shunwei Capital is a Beijing-based venture capital firm founded in 2011 that focuses on early to growth-stage investments in China's internet and information technology sectors. It seeks opportunities in technology, media, telecommunications, high technology, new media, games, internet services, and rural internet, with an emphasis on internet-enabled businesses and related IT applications. The firm concentrates on Chinese startups while pursuing selective cross-border opportunities in East Asia, and it supports incubation and scaling through multiple funds. Its investors include sovereign wealth funds, fund of funds, university endowments, and family offices, reflecting a diversified capital base to back ambitious entrepreneurs in the digital economy.

Founded in 2023, Core Vision Investments is a venture capital firm based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It focuses on investing in early-stage companies within the e-commerce, logistics, educational technology, digital health, fintech, enterprise solutions, and retail technology sectors.

True Ventures is a Silicon Valley–based venture capital firm founded in 2005 and headquartered in Palo Alto, California. It invests in early-stage technology startups in the United States, providing seed and Series A financing and managing substantial capital across its active funds. The firm supports founders with a platform of programs and a large team of professionals, including founders-turned-investors, to help portfolio companies grow. True has backed more than 350 companies and helped them scale, creating over 85,000 jobs worldwide, and has been recognized as Venture Firm of the Year by the National Venture Capital Association in 2018.

Service Provider Capital is a Colorado-based venture capital firm founded in 2014 that funds seed-stage technology companies across domains such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, cybersecurity, fintech, e-commerce, education technology, hardware, robotics, information technology, health tech, and cannabis. The firm also co-invests in Series A rounds led by institutional venture funds, providing capital and guidance to startups in the United States, including the Midwest and Southeast regions.