General Motors

General Motors, established in 2009, is a multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. It specializes in the manufacture and sale of cars, trucks, and vans, offering a wide range of models including sedans, SUVs, pick-up trucks, and hybrid vehicles. The company operates globally, with a significant presence in the United States, China, Brazil, and Europe. In addition to vehicle production, General Motors provides parts and accessories, vehicle safety and security services, and offers used vehicles. The company also has an investment arm, GM Ventures, which focuses on growth-stage companies in areas such as advanced propulsion, connected vehicles, and advanced materials, aiming to foster innovation in the automotive industry. General Motors is among the world's largest automakers by vehicle unit sales and has a rich history, having led global vehicle sales for 77 consecutive years.

Jordyn Blanson

Diversity and Inclusion Business Partner

Gil Golan

Executive Director - General Motors Technical Center Israel

Dan Nicholson

Vice President, Strategic Technology Initiatives

Wade Sheffer

Managing Director

Kristen Siemen

Vice President of Sustainable Workplaces and Chief Sustainability Officer

Matthew Tsien

President

Past deals in Electric Vehicle

Nanoramic Laboratories

Venture Round in 2024
Nanoramic Laboratories is a Boston-based company focused on developing advanced energy storage technologies and materials. It specializes in designing, manufacturing, and licensing Neocarbonix electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, as well as producing FastCAP ultracapacitors, which utilize nanocarbon-based electrodes for enhanced performance. The company also offers Thermexit, a line of high-performance thermal interface gap filler pads. Originating from research funded by NASA, the Department of Energy, and the Department of Defense, Nanoramic's innovations aim to revolutionize industries such as electric vehicle batteries and consumer electronics. Established in 2008 and formerly known as FastCAP Systems Corporation, Nanoramic continues to expand its product offerings, which include ultracapacitors capable of operating in extreme temperatures and various energy storage solutions tailored to meet market demands.

Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture (Thacker Pass)

Corporate Round in 2024
Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture mining of lithium resoruce in North America (Thacker Pass)

Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture (Thacker Pass)

Debt Financing in 2024
Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture mining of lithium resoruce in North America (Thacker Pass)

Addionics

Series B in 2024
Addionics is a London-based company, founded in 2017, that specializes in the design and development of next-generation rechargeable batteries, particularly for electric vehicles. The company utilizes an innovative 3D battery architecture to create batteries with improved energy density, reduced charging times, and enhanced safety. By redesigning the internal structure of batteries at a microscopic level, Addionics aims to minimize internal resistance and increase mechanical longevity, which significantly enhances performance across various battery chemistries. The company is focused on scaling its proprietary technology to revolutionize energy storage solutions and positively impact environmental sustainability, catering to the growing demand from battery manufacturers and automakers for advanced energy storage systems.

Cruise

Corporate Round in 2024
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

Mitra Chem

Series B in 2024
Mitra Chem is a manufacturer of lithium-ion battery materials focused on innovating iron-based cathode materials to support electrification in transportation and energy storage. The company aims to transform cathodes from specialty chemicals into a versatile platform technology that enhances cell performance based on specific applications. By integrating research and development with manufacturing, Mitra Chem supplies battery materials to original equipment manufacturers and battery cell producers, converting these materials into advanced products. Additionally, the company is committed to industrializing its cathodes in facilities that comply with the Inflation Reduction Act, facilitating the mass-market adoption of its technologies.

Mitra Chem

Series B in 2023
Mitra Chem is a manufacturer of lithium-ion battery materials focused on innovating iron-based cathode materials to support electrification in transportation and energy storage. The company aims to transform cathodes from specialty chemicals into a versatile platform technology that enhances cell performance based on specific applications. By integrating research and development with manufacturing, Mitra Chem supplies battery materials to original equipment manufacturers and battery cell producers, converting these materials into advanced products. Additionally, the company is committed to industrializing its cathodes in facilities that comply with the Inflation Reduction Act, facilitating the mass-market adoption of its technologies.

Element 25

Post in 2023
Element 25 Limited is an Australian company focused on the exploration and development of mineral properties, particularly manganese. The company owns the Butcherbird Manganese Project, located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, where it aims to produce high-purity manganese products such as electrolytic manganese metal and manganese sulfate for applications in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and alkaline cells. Additionally, Element 25 holds the Pinnacles Project near Kalgoorlie. The company is also constructing its first High Purity Manganese Sulphate conversion facility to support electric vehicle fuel needs. Element 25 is committed to manufacturing low-carbon ingredients for energy storage technologies while emphasizing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles. Established in 2006 and formerly known as Montezuma Mining Company Limited, the company is headquartered in West Perth, Australia.

Nanoramic Laboratories

Venture Round in 2023
Nanoramic Laboratories is a Boston-based company focused on developing advanced energy storage technologies and materials. It specializes in designing, manufacturing, and licensing Neocarbonix electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, as well as producing FastCAP ultracapacitors, which utilize nanocarbon-based electrodes for enhanced performance. The company also offers Thermexit, a line of high-performance thermal interface gap filler pads. Originating from research funded by NASA, the Department of Energy, and the Department of Defense, Nanoramic's innovations aim to revolutionize industries such as electric vehicle batteries and consumer electronics. Established in 2008 and formerly known as FastCAP Systems Corporation, Nanoramic continues to expand its product offerings, which include ultracapacitors capable of operating in extreme temperatures and various energy storage solutions tailored to meet market demands.

Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture (Thacker Pass)

Post in 2023
Lithium Americas & GM - Joint Venture mining of lithium resoruce in North America (Thacker Pass)

Queensland Pacific Metals

Post in 2022
Queensland Pacific Metals Limited is a mineral exploration company based in West Perth, Australia, focused on the exploration and development of battery metals, particularly nickel, cobalt, and iron oxide. The company holds interests in key projects, including the Townsville Energy Chemicals Hub Project in Queensland and the Eden Garry Serpentine Ridge Project in the Marlborough region of northern Queensland. Queensland Pacific Metals produces chemicals and by-products intended for the lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle sectors. Established in 2007 and formerly known as Pure Minerals Limited, the company is dedicated to advancing the supply of essential materials for sustainable energy technologies.

OneD Battery Sciences

Series C in 2022
OneD Battery Sciences is a nanotechnology startup based in Palo Alto, California, focused on enhancing electric vehicle batteries through the integration of silicon. The company's flagship technology, SINANODE, is designed to increase battery performance by improving energy density in anodes while also reducing costs. OneD Battery Sciences applies its innovative processes to both natural and artificial graphite powders, enabling manufacturers to achieve higher energy and power density while minimizing their carbon footprint. Through its SINANODE pilot production program, the company collaborates with industrial partners to develop advanced electrochemical cells and scale up production, ultimately supporting the growth of the electric vehicle market. Founded in 2013, OneD Battery Sciences is dedicated to advancing battery technology to meet the demands of the evolving automotive industry.

Cruise

Corporate Round in 2022
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

Cruise

Secondary Market in 2022
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

Soelect

Series A in 2022
Soelect Inc. is a manufacturer of advanced solid-state battery components, specializing in SiO-C-Li composition materials produced through a solid-state process. Established in 2020 and headquartered in Greensboro, North Carolina, the company focuses on developing commercially viable solutions for solid-state batteries that utilize solid electrodes and electrolytes. Soelect's innovative LiX technology features a lithium metal anode designed for fast charging capabilities, making it suitable for a diverse range of applications including electric vehicles, portable electronics, power tools, drones, aircraft, spacecraft, and tactical defense equipment. By offering high energy density and efficiency, Soelect aims to provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional lithium-ion batteries, catering to manufacturers in various sectors.

Pure Watercraft

Corporate Round in 2021
Pure Watercraft, Inc., founded in 2011 and based in Seattle, Washington, specializes in designing, manufacturing, and selling battery-electric propulsion systems for boats. The company offers a range of products, including electric outboard motors, complete electric boats, pontoon boats, bass boats, coaching launches, and rigid inflatables, all aimed at enhancing fishing and leisure activities. Pure Watercraft's electric propulsion systems are designed to be clean, quiet, and environmentally sustainable, emitting zero pollution and requiring minimal maintenance. By selling its products online, the company aims to provide users with eco-friendly boating options that contribute to marine conservation for future generations.

SES

Series D in 2021
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

Cruise

Corporate Round in 2021
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

Lordstown Motors

Post in 2020
Lordstown Motors is an automotive company focused on the development and manufacture of light-duty electric trucks aimed at fleet customers. The company operates engineering, research, and development facilities located in Farmington Hills, Michigan, and Irvine, California. Its flagship vehicle, the Endurance, is an all-electric pickup truck that is currently in the final design and testing phase at its facility in Lordstown, Ohio. As of now, the company has not yet launched a completed product to the market.

Nikola Motor Company

Post in 2020
Nikola Motor Company is an electric vehicle manufacturer based in Salt Lake City, Utah, founded in 2014. The company specializes in developing hydrogen fuel cells, battery electric trucks, and associated energy solutions, with the goal of transforming the transportation industry on a global scale. Nikola gained significant attention for its ambition to revolutionize the trucking sector through innovative electric and hydrogen fuel cell technologies. Initially, the company focused on creating zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell trucks designed for long-haul commercial use, with a range of up to 1,200 miles. Additionally, Nikola planned to establish hydrogen refueling infrastructure to support its vehicles, further enhancing its commitment to sustainable transportation solutions.

Cruise

Corporate Round in 2019
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

SES

Series C in 2018
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

Proterra

Series G in 2018
Proterra Inc. is a manufacturer of zero-emission electric buses, primarily focused on providing sustainable transportation solutions for public and commercial transit. Founded in 2004 and headquartered in Burlingame, California, with additional offices in Greenville, South Carolina, and City of Industry, California, Proterra designs its products, including 35-foot and 40-foot electric buses, to meet the diverse needs of urban and regional transit routes. The company's Catalyst platform is noted for its modularity, allowing it to adapt to various operational demands while delivering high energy efficiency. Proterra also offers a broad range of services, including vehicle electrification solutions, fleet planning, charging infrastructure, and comprehensive vehicle maintenance programs. By facilitating the transition away from fossil fuels, Proterra aims to enhance environmental quality and reduce operational costs for fleet operators, contributing to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Cruise

Corporate Round in 2018
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

SES

Series C in 2017
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

SES

Venture Round in 2017
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

Proterra

Series E in 2017
Proterra Inc. is a manufacturer of zero-emission electric buses, primarily focused on providing sustainable transportation solutions for public and commercial transit. Founded in 2004 and headquartered in Burlingame, California, with additional offices in Greenville, South Carolina, and City of Industry, California, Proterra designs its products, including 35-foot and 40-foot electric buses, to meet the diverse needs of urban and regional transit routes. The company's Catalyst platform is noted for its modularity, allowing it to adapt to various operational demands while delivering high energy efficiency. Proterra also offers a broad range of services, including vehicle electrification solutions, fleet planning, charging infrastructure, and comprehensive vehicle maintenance programs. By facilitating the transition away from fossil fuels, Proterra aims to enhance environmental quality and reduce operational costs for fleet operators, contributing to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Envia Systems

Venture Round in 2016
Envia Systems specializes in developing advanced lithium-ion batteries that offer high energy density at a lower cost. By combining innovative high-energy electrodes, the company produces batteries suitable for clean energy applications, including electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Their technology aims to enhance the performance of energy storage solutions, facilitating the broader adoption of sustainable energy systems.

Cruise

Acquisition in 2016
Cruise is a company focused on developing advanced self-driving vehicles that aim to enhance road safety and transform the transportation experience. By producing zero-emission vehicles at a dedicated manufacturing facility, Cruise integrates sophisticated hardware and software to navigate complex and unpredictable driving environments. The company's autonomous vehicles are designed to connect people with essential places, things, and experiences, particularly in dense urban settings, thereby restoring freedom of movement while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and transit times.

SES

Venture Round in 2016
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

SES

Series B in 2015
SolidEnergy Systems Corp. develops and manufactures rechargeable lithium metal batteries primarily for applications in drones, wearables, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Founded in 2012 and based in Woburn, Massachusetts, the company focuses on producing high-performance lithium metal batteries and supplying essential materials, such as anodes and electrolytes, to major lithium-ion cell manufacturers. These materials can be integrated into existing manufacturing processes, allowing for scalability without significant infrastructure investments. SolidEnergy's pilot-scale production caters to prototype demonstrations and specialized aerospace markets, while its future growth is aimed at mainstream sectors like consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Additionally, the company is involved in developing AI-powered safety algorithms and recycling solutions, positioning itself as an integrated battery manufacturer with a commitment to innovation and sustainability.

Sakti3

Series C in 2015
Sakti3, Inc. is a Michigan-based company that specializes in the development of solid-state rechargeable lithium-ion battery technology. Founded in 2007 and currently a subsidiary of Dyson Ltd., Sakti3 focuses on creating advanced battery cells designed for use in electric vehicles and portable electronics. The company's innovative technology aims to enhance the performance and efficiency of electric cars, making them more comparable to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. By improving battery capabilities, Sakti3 seeks to support the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions in the automotive and consumer electronics industries.

Envia Systems

Venture Round in 2014
Envia Systems specializes in developing advanced lithium-ion batteries that offer high energy density at a lower cost. By combining innovative high-energy electrodes, the company produces batteries suitable for clean energy applications, including electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Their technology aims to enhance the performance of energy storage solutions, facilitating the broader adoption of sustainable energy systems.

Proterra

Series C in 2014
Proterra Inc. is a manufacturer of zero-emission electric buses, primarily focused on providing sustainable transportation solutions for public and commercial transit. Founded in 2004 and headquartered in Burlingame, California, with additional offices in Greenville, South Carolina, and City of Industry, California, Proterra designs its products, including 35-foot and 40-foot electric buses, to meet the diverse needs of urban and regional transit routes. The company's Catalyst platform is noted for its modularity, allowing it to adapt to various operational demands while delivering high energy efficiency. Proterra also offers a broad range of services, including vehicle electrification solutions, fleet planning, charging infrastructure, and comprehensive vehicle maintenance programs. By facilitating the transition away from fossil fuels, Proterra aims to enhance environmental quality and reduce operational costs for fleet operators, contributing to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Sakti3

Series B in 2012
Sakti3, Inc. is a Michigan-based company that specializes in the development of solid-state rechargeable lithium-ion battery technology. Founded in 2007 and currently a subsidiary of Dyson Ltd., Sakti3 focuses on creating advanced battery cells designed for use in electric vehicles and portable electronics. The company's innovative technology aims to enhance the performance and efficiency of electric cars, making them more comparable to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. By improving battery capabilities, Sakti3 seeks to support the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions in the automotive and consumer electronics industries.

Bright Automotive

Venture Round in 2011
Bright Automotive launched from Colorado-based Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) in January, 2008 with the world’s most experienced EV/PHEV team and the goal of building on the work of a consortium of organizations, including Alcoa, Google.org, Johnson Controls and the Turner Foundation. Since then, Bright Automotive has developed the IDEA, the world’s first multi-purpose, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle aimed at commercial and government fleets. It has also launched Bright Solutions, which delivers expertise to automotive customers worldwide to accelerate vehicle electrification, lightweighting, and overall platform efficiency.

Proterra

Series A in 2011
Proterra Inc. is a manufacturer of zero-emission electric buses, primarily focused on providing sustainable transportation solutions for public and commercial transit. Founded in 2004 and headquartered in Burlingame, California, with additional offices in Greenville, South Carolina, and City of Industry, California, Proterra designs its products, including 35-foot and 40-foot electric buses, to meet the diverse needs of urban and regional transit routes. The company's Catalyst platform is noted for its modularity, allowing it to adapt to various operational demands while delivering high energy efficiency. Proterra also offers a broad range of services, including vehicle electrification solutions, fleet planning, charging infrastructure, and comprehensive vehicle maintenance programs. By facilitating the transition away from fossil fuels, Proterra aims to enhance environmental quality and reduce operational costs for fleet operators, contributing to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Envia Systems

Series C in 2011
Envia Systems specializes in developing advanced lithium-ion batteries that offer high energy density at a lower cost. By combining innovative high-energy electrodes, the company produces batteries suitable for clean energy applications, including electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Their technology aims to enhance the performance of energy storage solutions, facilitating the broader adoption of sustainable energy systems.

Sakti3

Series B in 2010
Sakti3, Inc. is a Michigan-based company that specializes in the development of solid-state rechargeable lithium-ion battery technology. Founded in 2007 and currently a subsidiary of Dyson Ltd., Sakti3 focuses on creating advanced battery cells designed for use in electric vehicles and portable electronics. The company's innovative technology aims to enhance the performance and efficiency of electric cars, making them more comparable to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. By improving battery capabilities, Sakti3 seeks to support the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions in the automotive and consumer electronics industries.

Bright Automotive

Venture Round in 2010
Bright Automotive launched from Colorado-based Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) in January, 2008 with the world’s most experienced EV/PHEV team and the goal of building on the work of a consortium of organizations, including Alcoa, Google.org, Johnson Controls and the Turner Foundation. Since then, Bright Automotive has developed the IDEA, the world’s first multi-purpose, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle aimed at commercial and government fleets. It has also launched Bright Solutions, which delivers expertise to automotive customers worldwide to accelerate vehicle electrification, lightweighting, and overall platform efficiency.

Cadillac

Acquisition in 1909
Cadillac is an automobile brand that produces and markets luxury vehicles worldwide. Cadillac was founded by William Murphy, Lemuel Bowen, and Henry M. Leland in 1902 and is currently headquartered in New York, United States.
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