The U.S. Department of Energy is a government agency established in 1977, located in Washington, D.C. Its primary mission is to ensure the security and prosperity of the nation by tackling energy, environmental, and nuclear challenges. The Department focuses on promoting transformative scientific and technological solutions to address these issues, thereby supporting the country's energy needs and environmental sustainability.

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency established in 1950 and based in Alexandria, Virginia. It is dedicated to supporting research and education in science and engineering across a wide range of disciplines. The NSF provides significant non-dilutive funding, up to $1.5 million, to startups and small businesses through its America's Seed Fund initiative, which is part of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program mandated by Congress. With an operating budget of approximately $7.8 billion, the NSF is committed to advancing fundamental research and education, thus fostering innovation and technological development in the United States.

Shenzhen Capital Group Co., Ltd (SCGC) is a venture capital firm founded in 1999 by the Shenzhen Government. The company is dedicated to fostering national industries, developing national brands, and promoting economic transformation through investments in emerging sectors. SCGC primarily targets small to medium enterprises and innovative high-tech companies, focusing on those in various stages of growth, including startups and those undergoing transformation. Its investment portfolio spans industries that align with national policy support, such as information technology, internet services, new media, biopharmaceuticals, new energy, environmental protection, chemical engineering, and high-end equipment manufacturing. With a registered capital of 5.42 billion RMB and significant assets under management, SCGC has established itself as a leader in the venture capital landscape, having invested in numerous companies, many of which have achieved public listings across global capital markets.

Addor Capital is a growth capital investment firm established in 2014 and located in Nanjing, China. The firm specializes in providing investment services by financing early-stage ventures and acquiring securities of various companies. Addor Capital focuses on a diverse range of sectors, including clean technology, health, new materials, advanced manufacturing, consumer services, cultural industries, and technology, media, and telecommunications. Its investment strategy encompasses seed-stage, early-stage, later-stage, and growth-stage companies, primarily within China.

The European Innovation Council (EIC), established in 2020 and headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, is dedicated to supporting high-potential innovators, entrepreneurs, small enterprises, and researchers. Its primary focus is on fostering early-stage startups that demonstrate significant environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impacts. The EIC collaborates with private investors to co-invest in ventures, particularly within the deep technology sector, aiming to drive innovation and sustainable development across Europe. By providing financial backing and resources, the EIC seeks to enhance the growth potential of promising startups and contribute to a more innovative and competitive European economy.

EASME is a European Union executive agency that supports small and medium-sized enterprises and promotes innovation in Europe. It manages projects in the areas of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as the environment, energy, and maritime sectors, funded by COSME, LIFE, and EMFF. EASME organizes the European Sustainable Energy Week and serves industries such as environmental management, energy production, and maritime activities.

Intel Corporation, established in 1968, is a global leader in semiconductor chip manufacturing. The company designs, manufactures, and sells essential technologies for cloud, smart, and connected devices worldwide. Intel operates through various segments, offering platform products like central processing units and chipsets, and non-platform products such as accelerators, connectivity products, and memory and storage solutions. Additionally, Intel provides Internet of Things products and computer vision technology. Serving original equipment manufacturers, original design manufacturers, and cloud service providers, Intel collaborates with other tech giants to advance computing and communications. Intel Capital, the company's strategic investment arm, invests in innovative startups targeting cloud, AI, 5G, and other disruptive technologies. With a workforce of over 100,000 employees globally, Intel is transforming from a PC-centric company to a data-centric one, powering the future of computing and communications.

Cowin Capital, established in 2000, is a Shenzhen-based private equity firm specializing in early-stage investments. With 18 years of experience, it focuses on supporting the growth of small and medium enterprises, primarily in the energy, communication, electronics, and environmental protection sectors. Cowin Capital takes a long-term approach, aiming to create value through strategic partnerships and operational support. It has successfully invested in over 300 companies, with 60 becoming publicly listed and 150 achieving successful exits. Notably, Cowin Capital was one of the first venture capital institutions to be listed on the New Third Board (NEEQ) in China.

SOSV, established in 1995 and headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey, is a global venture capital firm specializing in early-stage investments. It focuses on deep tech innovations in the health and environmental sectors, supporting founders with breakthrough technologies through its HAX and IndieBio startup development programs. SOSV provides resources, facilities, and lab equipment to accelerate product development and scale, with a track record of helping its portfolio companies secure subsequent funding rounds led by top-tier investors.

Sunsino Venture Group is a venture capital firm based in Taipei, Taiwan, founded in 1994. The firm has invested in over 200 companies across Taiwan and the United States, focusing primarily on the healthcare, technology, and software sectors. With approximately US$150 million in assets under management, Sunsino Venture Group aims to support innovative companies that demonstrate growth potential in these industries.

Scottish Enterprise, established in 1991, is Scotland's principal economic development agency, operating as a non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government. Its mission is to stimulate Scotland's economic growth by fostering an innovative, high-wage, and productive economy with a strong international presence. The agency partners with both public and private sectors to identify and capitalize on opportunities that drive significant, lasting economic impact. Scottish Enterprise provides comprehensive support to businesses, including helping companies secure appropriate finance, strengthening management teams, and facilitating growth and export initiatives. It works closely with Scottish SMEs, as well as UK and international investors, such as business angels, venture capital groups, and corporate investors. The agency operates across Scotland in collaboration with Highlands and Islands Enterprise, aiming to increase the supply of finance for businesses and support the SME funding market.

Innovate UK is a non-departmental public body established in 2007 and based in Swindon, United Kingdom. Funded by a government grant, it supports innovation in science and technology by providing funding services to businesses across various sectors and regions. The organization aims to drive productivity and economic growth by facilitating advancements that contribute to the UK’s economic landscape. In addition to funding, Innovate UK offers a range of services and information related to business and economic development, thereby fostering a supportive environment for innovation.

Bpifrance is a financial institution dedicated to supporting companies throughout their development stages, particularly those preparing for stock market listing and seeking credit equity. The organization provides a range of financial solutions, including financing, innovation assistance, and capital investment. By integrating various entities such as OSEO and CDC Entreprises, Bpifrance aims to deliver tailored financial support that addresses the specific needs of businesses. The institution is committed to fostering innovation and helping companies transition toward sustainable growth, ensuring they are well-equipped to face future challenges.

Massachusetts Capital Resource Company, founded in 1977 and based in Boston, Massachusetts, serves as a private investment firm focused on addressing the funding gap for growing companies. The company provides risk capital in the form of mezzanine financing, long-term debt, and equity investments, specifically targeting emerging growth and middle-market firms. Its primary sectors of interest include manufacturing, distribution, service, and technology. By offering tailored investment solutions, Massachusetts Capital complements the financing available from senior lenders and equity investors, thereby supporting the growth and acquisition needs of companies operating in Massachusetts.

Foresight Group, established in 1984, is an independent investment company based in London, UK. It specializes in managing infrastructure and private equity funds, catering to a diverse range of clients including institutional investors, family offices, high net-worth individuals, and retail investors. With over £7.2 billion in assets under management, Foresight offers various investment products such as listed vehicles, limited partnerships, and tax-efficient schemes like Enterprise Investment Schemes (EIS) and Business Property Relief Funds. Its investment strategies focus on growth-stage companies across sectors like energy, infrastructure, technology, and industrials, with a strong emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors to create sustainable long-term value.

HAX is a venture capital program focused on accelerating hardware startups through its comprehensive support and resources. Founded in 2012 and headquartered in Newark, New Jersey, HAX operates in two key locations, San Francisco and Shenzhen, providing founders with an environment conducive to rapid prototyping and iterative development. The program emphasizes the importance of launching both B2C and B2B hardware startups, guiding them through critical phases such as business development, fundraising, and market entry. HAX accepts teams that demonstrate strong potential for scaling their ventures and solving significant technological challenges. Through a structured curriculum, entrepreneurs refine their product-market fit and business strategies while benefiting from a robust network of mentors and industry connections. HAX maintains an ongoing relationship with participating startups to support their growth beyond the initial program, ensuring they have the necessary resources and partnerships to succeed in the competitive marketplace.

Oriza Holdings is an asset management firm based in Suzhou, China, founded in 2001. The company specializes in providing equity and debt financing solutions to companies at various stages of development, from seed to growth stages. Oriza Holdings operates through multiple investment arms, focusing on sectors such as industrial, healthcare, integrated circuits, and technology, media, and telecommunications (TMT). The company also has a professional platform for mergers and acquisitions, known as Oriza Prior, which integrates investment and industrial resources to enhance operational efficiency and maximize investment returns. With a commitment to fostering growth, Oriza Holdings plays a significant role in the Southeast Asian market.

CAS Star, established in 2013 and headquartered in Xi'an, China, with an additional office in Beijing, operates as a venture capital investment firm specializing in high-tech industry incubation. The company aims to foster a scientific and technological entrepreneurial ecosystem by connecting research institutions, angel funds, incubators, and entrepreneurship training programs. This comprehensive approach provides structured support for technology entrepreneurs, enabling them to innovate and grow. CAS Star focuses its investments in diverse sectors, including optoelectronic chips, artificial intelligence, aerospace, biotechnology, information technology, new materials, new energy, and intelligent manufacturing.

Samsung Ventures, established in 1999, is a corporate venture capital arm of Samsung Electronics, headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. The firm invests globally in emerging technology companies, with a focus on semiconductors, mobile services, internet, software, security, enterprise solutions, bioengineering, and medical sectors. Its investment portfolio spans early-stage startups to pre-IPO companies, with an annual investment budget of $250 million and over $1.8 billion under management. Samsung Ventures operates from key innovation hubs worldwide, including the San Francisco Bay Area, Boston, London, Tel Aviv, Bangalore, Tokyo, and Beijing, to identify and support pioneering startups in areas such as AI, robotics, augmented/virtual reality, and digital health.

HSG, formerly known as Sequoia Capital China, is a global venture capital and private equity firm, managing over USD 55 billion across various funds. Established in 2005, HSG invests in technology, healthcare, and consumer sectors, with a focus on seed, venture, growth, buyout, and infrastructure stages. The firm has backed over 1,500 companies, with more than 160 listed on public exchanges and over 140 achieving unicorn status. HSG operates globally, with offices in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, London, Tokyo, and Singapore, providing extensive resources and industry expertise to its portfolio companies.

Xiaomi Corporation, founded in 2010 and headquartered in Beijing, China, is a prominent technology company that designs, manufactures, and markets smartphones and consumer electronics. The company's product range includes a variety of mobile devices, such as Android-based smartphones and smart home products, like smart TVs, AI speakers, and smart routers. Xiaomi is notable for its innovative approach, often incorporating user feedback into product development, which has fostered a loyal customer base. The company operates through several segments, including smartphones, Internet of Things (IoT) products, and Internet services, offering both hardware and software solutions. Additionally, Xiaomi engages in the retail and wholesale of its products, operates service centers, and has expanded its presence internationally, becoming a leader in markets such as India and gaining traction in Europe. With a commitment to providing quality technology at accessible prices, Xiaomi continues to innovate and adapt within the competitive landscape of the tech industry.

Qiming Venture Partners, established in 2006, is a leading China-based venture capital firm with offices in Shanghai, Beijing, Suzhou, Hong Kong, and Singapore. It manages multiple funds totaling $9.5 billion, focusing on early and growth-stage investments in the Technology and Consumer (T&C) and Healthcare industries. With a strong track record, over 200 portfolio companies have achieved exits, and over 70 have become unicorns or super unicorns. Qiming Venture Partners USA, founded in 2017, is its affiliate in Cambridge, Massachusetts, specializing in healthcare, therapeutics, and digital health investments. The firm is known for its deep technical expertise, hands-on operational support, and thought leadership in the venture capital industry.

Ben Franklin Technology Partners of Southeastern Pennsylvania, established in 1982, is a non-profit organization that fosters technological innovation and growth in the region. It primarily invests in early-stage technology companies, having supported over 1,750 such ventures since its inception. The organization also facilitates university-industry partnerships to accelerate scientific discoveries to market, and initiates regional programs to bolster the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Its mission is to create jobs and transform lives by leading the region's technology community to new heights.

Goldport Capital is an asset management company based in Shenzhen, China, with an additional office in Hangzhou. Founded in 2012, the firm specializes in venture capital investments across various sectors, including advanced manufacturing, new energy, healthcare, and consumption upgrades. Goldport Capital aims to identify and support innovative companies within these industries to drive growth and technological advancement.

Matrix Partners, established in 1977, is a prominent venture capital firm headquartered in San Francisco, California. The firm focuses on early-stage and early-growth investments, partnering with entrepreneurs to build significant, industry-leading companies. With a global perspective and local expertise, Matrix combines the insights of former entrepreneurs and experienced investors to guide its portfolio companies. The firm has a proven track record, having invested in over 500 companies, with 50 going public and 75 achieving profitable M&A exits. Notable investments include Baidu, Apple, and Oculus. Matrix invests across various sectors, including applied AI, B2B SaaS, digital health, and sustainable-defined hardware.

SDIC Venture Capital Co., Ltd. is a venture capital firm headquartered in Beijing, China, with an additional office in Shanghai. Established in 2016 by the State Development and Investment Corporation, SDICVC operates under a market-driven governance structure. It aims to advance the commercialization of the nation's scientific and technological achievements, aligning its investment strategy with national innovation goals. The firm manages a portfolio of funds with a total asset under management of RMB 14 billion, focusing on the transformation of technological advancements. SDICVC seeks to blend the interests of government, society, and the market, positioning itself as a reliable and respected partner in the venture capital landscape. Its mission is underscored by a commitment to achieving policy orientation and investment returns while fostering synergy among various stakeholders.

MassChallenge is a global nonprofit startup accelerator headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, established in 2009. It supports early-stage entrepreneurs across various industries, including technology, healthcare, and social impact, by providing mentorship, resources, and networking opportunities. With locations in Israel, Mexico, Switzerland, Texas, and the UK, MassChallenge connects high-potential startups with industry experts and investors to foster innovation and facilitate growth. The accelerator operates on a non-equity model, allowing entrepreneurs to maintain full ownership of their companies while benefiting from strategic partnerships and tailored training programs. Through its diverse initiatives, such as targeted accelerator programs like MassChallenge HealthTech and FinTech, the organization aims to drive impactful change and enhance the global innovation ecosystem.

Enhanced Capital, established in 1999, is a New York-based investment firm managing over $400 million. It specializes in providing flexible equity and debt financing to small and mid-sized businesses, promoting their growth and expansion. The firm's investment approach is practical and tailored, aiming to maximize the growth potential of companies poised for rapid growth. Enhanced Capital also invests in renewable energy, historic real estate rehabilitation, and affordable housing projects, often leveraging federal and state incentive programs.

Established in September 2012 by the former rotating CEO of Huawei and partner of Fidelity Asia, F&G Venture is a venture capital fund focusing on companies with exponential growth in IT industries, like IT infrastructure, cloud computing, internet of things, SaaS, big data, microchip, and semi-conductor etc. F&G Venture also targets high-end manufacturing businesses, including modules, intelligence devices and equipment, robots, and drones.

Lightspeed Israel, established in 2006, is a venture capital firm based in Tel Aviv, Israel. It invests in seed, early, and later-stage companies across the information technology and TMT sectors. The firm focuses on supporting innovative Israeli startups, providing capital and strategic guidance to accelerate their growth. Lightspeed Israel typically invests between $2 million to $25 million per company, with a particular interest in enterprise, health, fintech, and consumer sectors. It manages multiple funds, including Lightspeed Venture Partners IX and Lightspeed India Partners I & II, to support its investment activities in Israel and India.

Venture Kick is a private philanthropic initiative based in Zurich, Switzerland, founded in 2007 to support Swiss startups at the pre-seed stage. It provides up to 150,000 Swiss francs in funding and offers structured entrepreneurial training aimed at developing sustainable businesses. Entrepreneurs participate in a competitive process, pitching their ideas up to three times for increasing funding amounts, while receiving valuable feedback from expert juries. To date, Venture Kick has supported 600 startup projects with a total of 24.9 million francs, leading to the incorporation of 454 active companies that have created over 6,000 jobs and attracted approximately 2.49 billion francs in subsequent investments. Companies founded by Venture Kick alumni have notably achieved significant recognition, with 55 percent of the TOP 100 Swiss Startup Award in 2018 represented by these ventures. In 2019, the initiative aimed to allocate 4.35 million francs to support idea-stage projects, facilitating the transition of Swiss scientific innovations to global markets.

Lockheed Martin, established in 1912, is a global security and aerospace company headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland. It operates through four segments: Aeronautics, Missiles and Fire Control, Rotary and Mission Systems, and Space Systems. The company specializes in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration, and sustainment of advanced technology systems, products, and services for defense, space, and commercial applications. These include combat and air mobility aircraft, missiles, helicopters, ship and submarine mission systems, satellites, and cybersecurity solutions. Lockheed Martin also provides a range of management, engineering, technical, scientific, logistic, and information services. Since 2007, Lockheed Martin Ventures, the company's venture capital arm, has invested over $100 million in startup companies developing disruptive technologies in core businesses and new markets, with a focus on autonomous systems, cybersecurity, space technologies, and advanced materials, among others.

Walden International, established in 1987, is a California-based private equity firm specializing in early and expansion stage investments. With over three decades of experience, the firm focuses on cross-border investments, leveraging global markets and talent to grow industry-leading companies. Walden International invests across sectors such as Semiconductors, Clean Tech, Internet & Digital Media, and Software, partnering with exceptional entrepreneurs who appreciate the benefits of global talent and market access. The firm's integrated team offers extensive venture expertise and operating experience, providing capital, relationships, and strategic guidance to help portfolio companies thrive.

Kelvin Capital, founded in 2009, specializes in venture capital investments in revenue-generating growth companies, focusing on startups and young businesses that show significant potential for expansion and returns. The firm has raised over £24 million across 22 portfolio companies, targeting those with at least £1 million in revenue and a capable team. By providing both financial investment and strategic support, Kelvin Capital aims to help these companies realize their full potential. The team, with over 30 years of combined experience in nurturing new businesses, leverages extensive networks to facilitate growth and enhance the visibility of their portfolio companies. As a partner of the Scottish Enterprise Co-Investment Fund, Kelvin Capital is committed to actively promoting its portfolio through various channels, including its website and social media, to raise awareness and build profiles for the businesses it supports.

Innovation Industries, established in 2017, is a Dutch venture capital firm that invests in early-stage, high-tech, med-tech, and agri-foodtech companies. Based in Amsterdam, the firm manages multiple funds, including Innovation Industries Fund I, II, and III, with a focus on the Netherlands market. They provide capital up to EUR 25 million, typically taking minority stakes. Innovation Industries is known for its hands-on approach, actively supporting portfolio companies to strengthen their value proposition, accelerate time-to-market, and forge global strategic partnerships. The firm aims to be more than just a financial investor, acting as a partner to entrepreneurs and other stakeholders, helping to create and grow ventures.

Parkwalk Advisors, established in 2009 and headquartered in London, is a venture capital firm specializing in investing in UK-based technology companies spun out from universities. The firm focuses on sectors such as AI, big data, life science, materials, cleantech, medtech, and quantum computing, typically investing between £2.5 million and £10 million. Parkwalk seeks to generate capital gains for its investors, enhanced by attractive tax reliefs like the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS). It operates as a subsidiary of IP Group Plc since 2017, with combined net assets of £1.2 billion as of March 2019.

SZHTI Group is a company that provides asset management and financing services.

MassVentures is a venture capital firm based in Waltham, Massachusetts, established in 1978 as a quasi-public corporation by the Massachusetts Legislature. The firm focuses on providing seed and early-stage funding to high-growth startups, facilitating their transition from concept to commercialization. MassVentures invests primarily in sectors such as information technology, healthcare, cybersecurity, e-commerce, mobile, manufacturing, and robotics. With a governance structure that includes an independent Board of Directors and management by experienced venture capitalists, MassVentures leverages the state's entrepreneurial spirit and innovation centers to support the Massachusetts innovation economy. The firm also offers accelerator programs to further assist emerging companies in their growth journey.

The European Investment Bank (EIB), established in 1958, is a long-term lending institution owned by the EU Member States. Headquartered in Luxembourg, it offers a wide range of financing solutions, including project loans, loans to banks and intermediaries, venture capital funds, and equity investments. EIB also provides structured finance products, guarantees, and securitization instruments, along with advisory services for infrastructure projects, urban development, and small to medium-sized enterprises. Its portfolio is predominantly composed of loans (93.08%), with a small portion allocated to debt and fixed income, shares, and other assets. EIB's mission is to support European integration and social cohesion, primarily within the European Union and internationally.

Northern Light Venture Capital, established in 2005, is a China-focused venture capital firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California. Led by a team of experienced local Chinese and "returnee" executives, the firm manages multiple funds totaling approximately US$1.5 billion. Northern Light invests in early and growth-stage opportunities across information technology, new media, TMT, clean technologies, consumer services, and healthcare sectors. Notable portfolio companies include Meituan.com and Kaixin001.com. The firm targets innovative and disruptive technologies that leverage China's resources to build global enterprises.

work with private equity and venture capital fund managers, investment advisors and business entities from around the world.

IP Group, established in 2001 and headquartered in London, specializes in commercializing intellectual property from research-intensive institutions. The company's core business involves identifying promising IP, managing its development, and creating value through either building businesses or forging strategic partnerships. IP Group's success stems from its deep expertise in IP management, combined with insights into both industry and finance, consistently delivering strong results for its companies, partners, and shareholders.

Puhua Capital is an equity investment firm based in Hangzhou, China, founded in 2004. The firm specializes in venture capital, focusing on early to middle-stage projects within the internet, health, and technology sectors. Puhua Capital not only invests funds but also provides crucial resources and management expertise to the enterprises it supports. With a portfolio that includes nearly 300 promising start-ups, Puhua Capital aims to foster innovation and growth in its targeted industries.

Supernova Invest, established in 1999, is a Paris-based private equity and venture capital firm with additional offices in Grenoble. It manages a €800m fund, Supernova 2, founded in 2017. The firm specializes in early-stage investments, focusing on deep technology companies across sectors such as healthcare, industry 4.0, energy & environment, and digital technologies. It provides patient capital and expertise to support high-growth startups, with a track record of successful exits through IPOs and M&As. Supernova Invest partners with CEA Investissement to offer startups access to the CEA network and services.

Sony Group Corporation, headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, is a multinational conglomerate engaged in the design, development, production, and sale of electronic equipment and devices. Its diverse portfolio spans six major business segments, including consumer electronics, gaming, devices and semiconductors, entertainment content, and financial services. Sony is renowned for its iconic brands such as Walkman, Vaio, Xperia, Cybershot, Alpha, and PlayStation. Additionally, Sony Innovation Fund, established in 2016, serves as the company's corporate venture capital arm, investing in and collaborating with early-stage startups across various technology sectors to foster innovation and business creation.

Par Equity, established in 2008, is a venture capital firm headquartered in Edinburgh, Scotland. It specializes in investing in early-stage, high-growth technology companies based in Northern England, Northern Ireland, and Scotland.

Hua Capital Management Co., Ltd is a venture capital firm based in China that specializes in investments within the semiconductor industry and its related sectors. Founded by a team of experienced professionals from the semiconductor field, including members from Tsinghua Holdings and China Fortune-Tech Capital, the firm emphasizes a focused investment strategy that leverages deep industry expertise. Hua Capital's team comprises seasoned entrepreneurs and investment professionals, each possessing over 20 years of experience in semiconductor entrepreneurship, management, and investing. The firm engages in buyouts and invests across all stages of company development, aiming to enhance the value and synergy of its portfolio companies. By providing professional operations, management, and value-added services, Hua Capital seeks to position its investments as leaders in the semiconductor market.

SinoWisdom, established in 2002 and based in Hangzhou, China, is a venture capital firm that focuses on private investment opportunities. The firm specializes in identifying and nurturing emerging businesses across various sectors, leveraging its expertise to support growth and innovation in the Chinese market. With a commitment to fostering entrepreneurship, SinoWisdom plays a pivotal role in the development of the domestic investment landscape, providing both financial backing and strategic guidance to its portfolio companies.

Founded in 1986, Morningside Group is a venture capital firm based in Newton, Massachusetts. The firm seeks to invest in companies operating in the technology, internet and biotechnology sectors.

European Regional Development Fund encourages innovation, enhances regeneration, and provides support to businesses in the European Union.