Fine Structure Ventures

VEIR is focused on advancing electricity transmission through the development of high-temperature superconductors and innovative cooling solutions. The company has created a passive evaporative cryogenic cooling technology that significantly enhances cooling efficiency, delivering 20 times more cooling power per kilogram of nitrogen flow compared to traditional mechanical subcooling methods. By utilizing commercial superconducting tape, VEIR's technology facilitates power delivery at transmission levels over distribution-scale infrastructure without resistive losses. This approach allows clients to streamline permitting processes and create economically viable electric transmission lines, thereby addressing the challenges associated with cooling high-temperature superconductors.

iPronics is a company specializing in software-defined photonics, focusing on the development of an integrated programmable photonic system. Its innovative optical networking engine features the first integrated optical switch, which supports various switching strategies and processing capabilities. This technology enhances data center management by ensuring efficient communication within AI clusters and future-proofing infrastructure. iPronics' optical reconfigurability allows for a versatile range of applications, including 5G and 6G telecommunications, data-center interconnection, artificial intelligence, signal processing, sensing, and quantum information. By enabling businesses to utilize the same hardware for diverse commercial applications, iPronics addresses the growing demand for computational power across multiple sectors.

Constructive Bio is a biotechnology company focused on genome rewriting to unlock new possibilities in bioprocesses and biopharmaceuticals. The company transforms living cells into biofactories, producing sustainable materials and therapeutics. By harnessing advanced technologies, Constructive Bio creates virus-resistant organisms and biosynthesizes a range of enzymes, pharmaceuticals, and biomaterials. This innovative approach allows clients to reprogram genetic codes, enabling the creation of natural molecules that were previously inaccessible through conventional biology. Through its unique capabilities, Constructive Bio aims to lead the development of the next generation of sustainable solutions in the life sciences.

Mantle Inc. is an engineering and manufacturing company based in Montreal, Canada, specializing in advanced metal 3D printing technology. Established in 2017, the company focuses on producing high-resolution parts for various applications, including automotive, aerospace, and consumer product design. Mantle's offerings include a platform that utilizes additive technology, known as TrueShape, which enables the production of finished parts, as well as a set of enterprise blockchain development products through a blockchain as a service model. By providing precision parts, Mantle significantly reduces the time and cost associated with creating production-grade tools, molds, and dies, thereby meeting the needs of tool manufacturers, tool makers, and original equipment manufacturers.

Osmoses specializes in clean membrane technology aimed at decarbonizing gas separations, with a goal of eliminating one gigaton of carbon emissions annually. The company has developed advanced molecular filters that offer exceptional size selectivity, enabling the purification of hydrogen and natural gas. Additionally, these filters facilitate large-scale carbon capture, significantly transforming traditional chemical separation processes. By reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions in industrial operations, Osmoses provides a solution that helps businesses lower costs, minimize product loss, and create value for their clients, contributing to broader efforts in combating climate change.

Caelux is a renewable energy company based in Pasadena, California, that specializes in developing perovskite-on-glass technology for the terrestrial solar industry. Founded in 2014, the company focuses on creating innovative solar power products that enhance power production and efficiency while minimizing the use of semiconducting materials. This approach not only improves the performance of solar devices but also reduces production costs. Caelux's technology is designed to integrate seamlessly into existing photovoltaic module manufacturing processes, enabling users to lower installed costs while achieving better energy output.

Debut Biotechnology, Inc. is a biotechnology company based in San Diego, California, established in 2019. It specializes in biomanufacturing solutions for high-value molecules, focusing on the development of specialty enzyme solutions and continuous manufacturing processes. The company offers a range of services, including biomanufacturing cartridges, fermentation, and the immobilization of cells and enzymes. Debut Biotechnology is dedicated to creating novel immobilization techniques for enzymes, achieving high success rates and providing immobilized enzymes for continuous manufacturing systems. Its innovative approach enables the production and modification of small and large molecules, catering primarily to the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries. By harnessing natural enzyme technologies, Debut aims to deliver sustainable and cost-effective ingredient solutions to its clients.

VEIR is focused on advancing electricity transmission through the development of high-temperature superconductors and innovative cooling solutions. The company has created a passive evaporative cryogenic cooling technology that significantly enhances cooling efficiency, delivering 20 times more cooling power per kilogram of nitrogen flow compared to traditional mechanical subcooling methods. By utilizing commercial superconducting tape, VEIR's technology facilitates power delivery at transmission levels over distribution-scale infrastructure without resistive losses. This approach allows clients to streamline permitting processes and create economically viable electric transmission lines, thereby addressing the challenges associated with cooling high-temperature superconductors.

Hoxton Farms, located in London, UK, specializes in producing real animal fat without the use of animals. The company employs a combination of cell biology and mathematical modeling to cultivate purified animal fat in bioreactors. This innovative approach provides a sustainable and cruelty-free ingredient for the meat alternatives industry, as well as applications in other sectors such as bakery, confectionery, and cosmetics. By focusing on cultivated fat, Hoxton Farms aims to meet the growing demand for ethical and environmentally friendly food products.

Femtosense is a technology company focused on developing ultra-energy-efficient neural network models that facilitate large-scale neural network processing at the edge. By leveraging nonlinear dynamics and space-time sparsity inspired by biological neural networks, Femtosense's models optimize performance-per-joule for complex processing tasks. This innovation enables businesses to implement user interfaces that offer ultra-low latency, reduced power consumption, and enhanced user privacy.

Mainspring Energy, Inc. is a company based in Menlo Park, California, focused on developing linear generator technology that produces low-carbon, dispatchable energy. Founded in 2010 by three Stanford engineers, Mainspring aims to address the challenges of climate change while providing affordable electricity. The company engineers advanced prototypes of linear generators that convert fuel into electricity through a low-temperature reaction of air and fuel, driving magnets through copper coils. This innovative approach allows Mainspring to offer electricity at lower costs and with greater reliability, contributing to the vision of creating net-zero carbon grids in the future.

Finwave Semiconductor specializes in the development of advanced gallium nitride (GaN) transistors and integrated circuits (ICs) tailored for 5G communications and power conversion applications. The company utilizes a unique 3DGaN technology, specifically its differentiated fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) design, to enhance the performance of high-volume applications such as radio frequency front end (RFFE) systems for mobile devices. This innovative approach allows Finwave to create semiconductor materials with distinct properties, contributing to advancements in electronics and energy management.

Nitricity is an energy company focused on the production of renewable nitrogen fertilizers with zero carbon emissions. It specializes in creating electrified, climate-smart fertilizers, specifically nitric acid and ammonia, which can be utilized independently or together to produce ammonium nitrate fertilizer. This innovative approach aims to bring high-quality fertilizer products closer to farmers, allowing them to minimize wasteful runoff and optimize fertilizer application timing based on field readiness. By enhancing nitrogen delivery capabilities, Nitricity supports sustainable agricultural practices and contributes to environmentally responsible farming worldwide.

Mainspring Energy, Inc. is a company based in Menlo Park, California, focused on developing linear generator technology that produces low-carbon, dispatchable energy. Founded in 2010 by three Stanford engineers, Mainspring aims to address the challenges of climate change while providing affordable electricity. The company engineers advanced prototypes of linear generators that convert fuel into electricity through a low-temperature reaction of air and fuel, driving magnets through copper coils. This innovative approach allows Mainspring to offer electricity at lower costs and with greater reliability, contributing to the vision of creating net-zero carbon grids in the future.

Hito is a fintech company that specializes in providing a user-friendly hardware wallet designed for ultra-secure digital asset storage. The company offers an Ethereum-first crypto wallet that integrates with a software app, allowing users to manage their cryptocurrency assets effectively. The wallet features an easy setup process and provides detailed transaction tracking, enhancing the user experience. Additionally, Hito's device includes NFC capabilities for non-fungible tokens (NFTs), further enabling users to safeguard their crypto assets.

Quaise is an energy company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, focused on developing innovative millimeter-wave drilling systems to access deep geothermal heat. Founded in 2018, the company aims to overcome geographic limitations that currently restrict the utilization of geothermal energy. By repurposing existing fossil-fuel industrial assets, Quaise's technology enables the drilling of geothermal wells directly at operational power plants, facilitating a smoother transition to cleaner energy sources. This approach allows mining companies to collectively generate terawatts of clean power, rivaling the output of fossil fuels while achieving zero carbon emissions.

Radian Aerospace is innovating the aerospace sector with its next-generation spaceplane, which is the first fully reusable vehicle designed for horizontal takeoff and landing. This single-stage to orbit spacecraft aims to facilitate the transportation of people and light cargo to low Earth orbit as well as various terrestrial locations, operating in a manner similar to conventional aircraft. Radian's vehicles are constructed from advanced materials that can endure extreme conditions and are equipped with propulsion technologies that enhance maneuverability and overall performance. Additionally, they incorporate satellite systems that improve communication capabilities, thereby supporting enhanced missions and operational efficiency within the space industry.

Phytoform Labs is a biotechnology company focused on revolutionizing plant breeding through advanced gene editing and artificial intelligence technologies. By significantly reducing the time required for developing new crop varieties from decades to years, Phytoform enables breeders to create diverse and resilient plants that maximize yields. Their innovative approach aims to enhance the economics of breeding while ensuring that farmers have access to sustainable crops that improve productivity and minimize environmental impact. Through this integration of cutting-edge technology, Phytoform is positioned to transform agricultural practices and contribute to more efficient food production systems.

Sepion Technologies is an advanced membrane company based in Emeryville, California, founded in 2015. The company specializes in developing a suite of highly-tunable nanoscale membranes for various industrial applications, particularly in the energy storage sector. Sepion focuses on manufacturing innovative products, including lithium-metal batteries, by integrating nanoscience, polymer chemistry, and cell engineering. Its proprietary composite membrane serves as a cost-effective alternative to traditional ceramic separators used in lithium batteries, offering improved performance and the capability to be produced in large-area formats. This innovation enables battery manufacturers to enhance energy density in their products, thereby advancing the overall efficiency of energy storage solutions.

Hedron is focused on developing a network of data relay satellites that facilitate real-time communication between Earth and space. Their modular and scalable system employs a hybrid RF-optical communication approach, providing connectivity for low-Earth orbit satellites. Hedron's imaging satellites generate valuable data that address critical global challenges, including food and water security, climate change monitoring, and disaster mitigation. By offering a series of data relay nodes, the company enables clients to optimize the global economy and enhance understanding of the planet, paving the way for innovation and improved insights in various sectors.

Mantle Inc. is an engineering and manufacturing company based in Montreal, Canada, specializing in advanced metal 3D printing technology. Established in 2017, the company focuses on producing high-resolution parts for various applications, including automotive, aerospace, and consumer product design. Mantle's offerings include a platform that utilizes additive technology, known as TrueShape, which enables the production of finished parts, as well as a set of enterprise blockchain development products through a blockchain as a service model. By providing precision parts, Mantle significantly reduces the time and cost associated with creating production-grade tools, molds, and dies, thereby meeting the needs of tool manufacturers, tool makers, and original equipment manufacturers.

Nitricity is an energy company focused on the production of renewable nitrogen fertilizers with zero carbon emissions. It specializes in creating electrified, climate-smart fertilizers, specifically nitric acid and ammonia, which can be utilized independently or together to produce ammonium nitrate fertilizer. This innovative approach aims to bring high-quality fertilizer products closer to farmers, allowing them to minimize wasteful runoff and optimize fertilizer application timing based on field readiness. By enhancing nitrogen delivery capabilities, Nitricity supports sustainable agricultural practices and contributes to environmentally responsible farming worldwide.

Debut Biotechnology, Inc. is a biotechnology company based in San Diego, California, established in 2019. It specializes in biomanufacturing solutions for high-value molecules, focusing on the development of specialty enzyme solutions and continuous manufacturing processes. The company offers a range of services, including biomanufacturing cartridges, fermentation, and the immobilization of cells and enzymes. Debut Biotechnology is dedicated to creating novel immobilization techniques for enzymes, achieving high success rates and providing immobilized enzymes for continuous manufacturing systems. Its innovative approach enables the production and modification of small and large molecules, catering primarily to the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries. By harnessing natural enzyme technologies, Debut aims to deliver sustainable and cost-effective ingredient solutions to its clients.

Gilmour Space Technologies Pty Ltd is an Australian company established in 2012, based in Pimpama, that specializes in developing low-cost hybrid rockets aimed at the small satellite market. The company focuses on creating hybrid launch vehicles that utilize proprietary 3D printed fuel, allowing for precise control over combustion patterns during ignition. This innovative approach is designed to provide research organizations and clients with a reliable and economical means of launching satellites into low Earth orbit. Gilmour Space is on track to launch its Eris orbital launch vehicles and G-Sat small satellite platforms in 2024.

Boston Metal is a metallurgy company focused on reducing the carbon footprint of steel production through its innovative Molten Oxide Electrolysis (MOE) technology. Established in 2012 as a spin-off from MIT, the company has developed an industrial-scale solution that enables the efficient and cost-effective production of a diverse range of metals and alloys. Utilizing an electrolytic cell, Boston Metal processes raw iron ore to create ferroalloys, which are essential for producing various grades of steel. The company's advancements in MOE technology have resulted in a significant scaling of production capabilities, achieving a 1,000-fold increase and generating thousands of kilograms of metal. Headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts, Boston Metal aims to provide a greener alternative for the metal industry by leveraging its unique process and a variety of feedstocks.

Finwave Semiconductor specializes in the development of advanced gallium nitride (GaN) transistors and integrated circuits (ICs) tailored for 5G communications and power conversion applications. The company utilizes a unique 3DGaN technology, specifically its differentiated fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) design, to enhance the performance of high-volume applications such as radio frequency front end (RFFE) systems for mobile devices. This innovative approach allows Finwave to create semiconductor materials with distinct properties, contributing to advancements in electronics and energy management.