Internet Initiatives Development Fund is a Moscow-based venture capital firm founded in 2013 that supports early-stage technology startups across Russia and international markets, including the United States, Europe and Asia. The firm focuses on a broad range of sectors such as retail, virtual and augmented reality, cybersecurity, education technology, internet of things and hardware, digital health, agricultural technology, fintech, artificial intelligence and big data, software as a service and other corporate software, adtech, manufacturing, and blockchain. It also runs an acceleration program across Russia to help portfolio companies scale. Investment sizes typically range from RUB 2.1 million to RUB 324 million.

Russian Ventures, founded in 2008, is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia. It focuses on investments in internet and technology companies across Russia.

The EBRD is an international financial institution founded in 1990 and headquartered in London that provides project financing and advisory services to support private sector development and transformation in emerging markets. It finances banks, industries, and businesses, supports new ventures and investments in existing companies, and helps privatize and restructure municipal services in publicly owned entities. Through its banking and treasury activities, it offers loans, equity and quasi-equity investments, guarantees, and equity funds for smaller enterprises, along with trade finance and loan syndication. It works with commercial partners to invest in private enterprises across sectors including energy, manufacturing, ICT, infrastructure, agribusiness, and real estate, across Europe, the Middle East and beyond, including a significant footprint in Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltics, and the Caucasus. It provides policy reform dialogue and advisory services to support market modernization, governance, and reform. It has invested over €130 billion in more than 5,000 projects.

Founded in Moscow, Russia in 2018, STARTUP LAB is a venture capital firm focusing on seed/startup and early-stage investments. It primarily invests in companies based in Russia, CIS, and Eastern Europe, with an upper ceiling of 3.5 million rubles for pre-seed investments.

AYR Capital is an independent private equity and venture capital firm established in 2014 and based in Moscow, Russia. The firm primarily focuses on investments across Eastern and Western Europe, including Russia and the CIS, targeting sectors such as real estate, fast-moving consumer goods, oil and gas, energy, information technology, and manufacturing. AYR Capital also offers financial advisory services and provides debt financing to companies and projects with growth potential. With years of experience and a proven track record, AYR Capital emphasizes a unified approach to risk management and income generation. The firm places significant importance on building strong relationships with its investors and portfolio companies to enhance value creation and ensure high-quality service delivery.

Established in 2008, Softline Venture Partners is a corporate venture fund that invests across various technologies such as Edtech, HRTech, Cybersecurity, Cloud Services, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Internet of Things. The firm has invested approximately US$35 million in over 20 portfolio companies, with investments ranging from $300 thousand to $3 million per project.

Ruvento Ventures is a Singapore-based venture capital and incubation firm that supports technology startups across early stages, including incubation and seed rounds. It focuses on AI, machine learning, Internet of Things, robotics, hardware, cleantech, and other disruptive technologies, as well as enabling technologies for web and mobile and sectors such as medical devices and data analytics. The firm pursues global investments with a regional tilt toward Southeast Asia and CIS markets, aiming to bring products to Asian markets including China, India, and Indonesia. Typical commitments range from tens of thousands to several hundred thousand dollars per project, with direct investments up to about 0.5 million and potential syndication to around 3 million. In its Singapore incubation program, it provides staged financing in two rounds: a proof-of-concept portion and a subsequent commercial-stage portion, totaling up to about 0.2 million. Ruvento operates from Singapore with additional offices in San Francisco and Shanghai, reflecting a global reach while maintaining a regional focus on Asia.

Starta Accelerator is a technology startup accelerator headquartered in New York, operating as part of Starta Ventures. It specializes in early-stage programs for European-origin and Eastern European founders seeking to enter the United States market. The accelerator runs a 14-week program complemented by a 3.5-month mentorship track, designed to help participants define product-market fit, gain traction, and integrate into the local startup and investing ecosystem. It provides an investment of about 130,000, including 110,000 in program services and 20,000 in cash, in exchange for 7 percent equity, plus an additional 20,000 of potential follow-on support for high-performing startups. The program emphasizes technology startups with European R&D roots and aims to bridge cultural and business practice gaps to enable startups to scale in the US. Starta Accelerator operates as a subsidiary of Starta Ventures and has a broader network that includes venture funds and education initiatives.

Established in 2013, Impulse VC is a venture capital firm headquartered in Moscow, Russia. It invests in seed to series A-stage companies across various sectors, with a primary focus on adtech, B2B SaaS, proptech, and marketplaces.

Founded in 2014, Emery Capital is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia. It invests globally in early and growth-stage companies operating primarily in fintech, e-commerce, mobility, and frontier technologies.

Winter Capital Partners is a private equity and venture capital firm established in 2015 and based in Moscow City, Russia. The firm specializes in mid to late venture and growth capital investments, primarily in consumer technology, financial services, education, healthcare, and digital health sectors. It engages in global investments, typically allocating between $0.5 million and $5 million for venture capital and $10 million to $100 million for private equity. Winter Capital Partners generally takes minority stakes in venture capital investments and can hold both minority and controlling stakes in private equity deals. Additionally, the firm offers advisory services to its portfolio companies, leveraging its market expertise to support growth.

Established by Moscow's Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy, this fund promotes venture investment in small enterprises with a focus on scientific and technical spheres.

Gapminder Venture Partners BV is a venture capital firm established in 2017 and headquartered in Romania, focusing on early-stage investments in Pre-Seed, Seed, and Series A rounds. The firm targets innovative startups in sectors such as IT software and services, SaaS, machine learning, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, digital transformation, healthcare IT, and fintech. Gapminder primarily invests in Romania and other countries in Eastern and Central Europe, aiming to support disruptive innovations that generate positive societal impacts. The firm leverages its team's background and experience to create value within the region, emphasizing a commitment to fostering bold initiatives that push boundaries in technology and business.

Skolkovo Ventures is a Moscow-based venture capital and private equity firm that provides seed and growth capital to technology companies. It targets startups in the internet of things, fintech, virtual reality and augmented reality, robotics, unmanned technologies, intelligent power engineering, predictive analytics, artificial intelligence and big data, cybersecurity, digital technology in agriculture, additive manufacturing and new materials, and innovative food products. The firm typically invests between RUB 100 million and RUB 200 million per project (approximately USD 1.5–3.0 million). Founded in 2017, Skolkovo Ventures supports early- to growth-stage technology companies in Russia with a focus on scalable, innovative ventures.

Inventure Partners is a Moscow-based venture capital firm founded in 2012 that provides equity backing to technology startups across seed through late stages. It targets online financial services, technology, marketing, digital media, mobile, internet software, B2B, and telecommunications, and invests in companies across Russia, the United States, the CIS, the United Kingdom, and other European markets. Typical commitments range from 0.5 million to 5 million dollars for enterprises valued between 1 and 50 million dollars. The firm usually takes a minority stake and a board seat, with an expected exit horizon of about five years, extendable by up to two years. It prefers opportunities with potential for an initial public offering within two to three years. Portfolio examples include Gett, American Well, and Busfor, illustrating involvement in on-demand services, telehealth, and transportation platforms.

Elbrus Capital Investment Adviser is a venture capital and private equity firm that focuses on early‑stage, middle‑market, and growth‑capital opportunities. It targets small and medium‑sized companies in Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States, especially those with a strong regional presence beyond Moscow and St. Petersburg. The firm invests between $30 million and $100 million in businesses valued $50 million to $100 million, seeking significant minority or controlling stakes. Its portfolio spans digital services, consumer and business internet, changing consumer patterns, consumer goods and services, outsourcing, logistics, natural‑resource optimization, healthcare, and education. Elbrus Capital typically holds investments for three to seven years and is headquartered in Moscow.

Established by Vnesheconombank in 2011, VEB Ventures focuses on investing in high-tech projects aligned with Russian government innovation programs. Its strategic goals include supporting domestic innovation infrastructure, facilitating advanced technology transfers, and promoting Russian innovations globally.

AVentures Capital is a venture capital firm founded in 1994, headquartered in Kyiv, Ukraine. It specializes in early-stage investments, focusing on software technology sectors such as cloud, storage, enterprise solutions, web, mobile, IoT, and other related areas. The firm primarily invests in Eastern Europe, with a particular focus on Ukraine, seeking to back exceptional entrepreneurs building global businesses.

Founded in 2016, Sistema Venture Capital is a corporate venture capital firm headquartered in Moscow, Russia. It specializes in investing in growth-stage technology companies worldwide, with a focus on sectors such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, SaaS/PaaS platforms, marketplaces, and the internet of things.

Primer Capital is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia, specializing in early-stage investments in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. Established in 2015, the firm focuses on promising projects in areas such as oncology, cardiology, rheumatology, and medical devices, among others. Primer Capital typically invests between $0.2 million and $0.5 million and also considers co-investments, collaborating with various stakeholders, including other venture capital funds, business angels, and government agencies interested in the biopharmaceutical industry. The firm benefits from a qualified team and a Scientific Advisory Board made up of experts in medical and biopharmaceutical fields, which aids in the careful selection of projects for its portfolio. Primer Capital's extensive experience and knowledge of the industry ecosystem enhance the prospects for its portfolio companies, supporting them in establishing effective partnerships and facilitating fundraising throughout their development.

Bright Capital is a venture capital firm with a merchant venturing approach and a global reach. It invests in a broad range of breakthrough and disruptive technologies, including energy, cleantech, efficiency, water, and advanced materials, and also backs the telecom-media-technology sector through its Digital fund. The firm operates across multiple stages, from early to late and growth equity, maintaining a diversified global portfolio.

Founded in Russia in 2016, TealTech Capital is a venture capital firm that invests in innovative startups with a focus on modern management practices and platform solutions. It supports projects across various sectors including medicine, health, education, retail, robotics, and agriculture.

Klever Internet, founded in 2015 and based in Moscow, Russia, operated as a venture capital investment firm. The company focused on making investments across various stages of business development, demonstrating a stage-agnostic approach to venture capital. With a commitment to supporting innovative enterprises, Klever Internet aimed to foster growth and development in the technology sector.

Almaz Capital is an international venture capital firm investing in early-stage, capital-efficient technology companies. Headquartered in Silicon Valley, it serves as a bridge between Eastern European and former Soviet engineering talent and the U.S. market to help build global businesses. The firm targets high-growth sectors such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, data engineering, cybersecurity, industrial Internet of Things, and networking infrastructure. Its investors include Cisco, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the International Finance Corporation. Founded in 2008, Almaz Capital has backed more than 30 portfolio companies and nine exits to date.

The Untitled is a venture capital firm founded in 2011 that funds seed through growth-stage technology companies. It invests directly into company equity or loans and seeks projects with a finished product or working prototype and proven metrics at or near payback. The firm focuses on digital technologies, retail and marketplace platforms, advertising, and new retail formats, with activity across Eastern Europe and Russia as well as expanding presence in Western Europe. Its footprint includes headquarters in Riga, Latvia, with offices in Moscow and London, and it operates multiple investment programs that tailor capital to the stage, ranging from seed rounds to larger growth rounds while typically taking minority stakes. By supporting cross-border market entry and international scaling, The Untitled aims to back teams with clear traction and scalable business models.

Sistema SmartTech is an investment firm founded in 2020 and based in Moscow, Russia. As the corporate venture arm of Sistema, it specializes in early-stage investments in innovative Russian companies. The firm concentrates on high technology projects across various sectors, including IT in medicine, education, logistics, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. Sistema SmartTech aims to support the development of digital solutions and products that enhance efficiency and effectiveness in these industries.

Leta Capital is a venture capital firm founded in 2012 and based in Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. It focuses on late seed and early-stage technology startups, investing in sectors such as information technology, big data, robotics, augmented reality, SaaS, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and machine learning across the United States, Canada, Europe, and Israel. The firm aims to support ambitious teams through long-term partnerships and active involvement in the growth of portfolio companies.

S-Group Capital Management Limited is a private equity and venture capital firm established in 2007 and headquartered in Moscow, Russia. The firm specialized in late venture, mature, and growth capital investments, focusing on sectors such as information technology, clean energy and new energy solutions, material sciences, biotechnology, and tourism and leisure. Although S-Group Capital Management is no longer actively investing, it played a significant role in supporting innovative ventures within these industries during its operational period.

Mint Capital is a Moscow-based private equity firm founded in 2000. The firm has historically pursued early-stage and growth investments in Russia, with sector experience in business services, logistics, distribution and IT services.

Established in 2006, ICU Ventures is a venture capital firm headquartered in Kyiv, Ukraine. It focuses on investing in early-stage technology companies with Eastern European roots, particularly in fintech, deep tech, mobility, and enterprise software sectors. The firm provides not only capital but also strategic support and international networking opportunities to foster growth.

Chernovetsky Investment Group is an investment company and venture capital firm based in Kyiv, Ukraine. It is a leading venture capital player in Eastern Europe and supports projects at all development stages, from startups to mature companies. The firm emphasizes partnerships with current owners rather than takeovers, focusing on collaboration with existing management. Its investment priorities cover innovative development and technologies, with emphasis on internet and information technology, including cloud computing, mobile applications, data management, big data, electronic payment systems, and software.

PIK Ventures is a venture capital fund based in Moscow, Russia, dedicated to supporting early-stage founders and their teams. The firm focuses on building a strong community and takes calculated risks to nurture its portfolio companies throughout their entire lifecycle. PIK Ventures actively seeks out promising companies and invests in them regardless of location, providing substantial resources, guidance, and support to help them succeed in the long term.

Mangrove Capital Partners is a Luxembourg-based venture capital and private equity firm that targets early-stage, mid-venture, expansion, and growth investments in technology companies. The firm concentrates on internet and software businesses, including online services, marketplaces, software-as-a-service, and related sectors such as multimedia services, mobile, security, and network infrastructure, with interest in peer-to-peer computing, e-commerce, and urban mobility. It typically invests in companies across greater Europe, including Western and Eastern Europe and Israel, with selective opportunities in the United States, Canada, and India. Founded in 2000, Mangrove provides capital as well as strategic guidance and industry relationships to help portfolio companies scale. The firm has a track record of backing notable technology companies early, including Skype and Wix, as well as Flo Health, WalkMe, K Health, and TBOL, illustrating its experience in nurturing startups toward high growth.

Acrobator Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Amsterdam, with activity in Kyiv and Tbilisi, that backs early-stage to growth-stage technology companies. The firm focuses on B2B and B2C software, artificial intelligence and machine learning, fintech, infrastructure, data, cybersecurity, and related sectors, often seeking to connect Eastern founders with Western markets such as the United States. It emphasizes support through founders networks, data access, and market reach, and pursues opportunities across Western and Eastern Europe, the United States, and CIS regions.

Tiger Global Management is an investment firm founded in 2001 by Charles (Chase) Coleman. It allocates capital across public and private markets worldwide, with a focus on technology-enabled growth opportunities. The firm pursues public equity strategies, including long/short and growth investments, and private equity across early- to late-stage companies in multiple industries, seeking high-quality growth opportunities and guiding portfolio companies through their lifecycle.

FunCubator is the corporate venture arm of FunCorp, established in 2017 and based in Limassol, Cyprus. It invests in digital entertainment and related technologies, including communications services, software, augmented reality, virtual reality, artificial intelligence and eSports, with a focus on Eastern Europe. It leverages FunCorp's resources and network to support portfolio companies and align their growth with FunCorp's strategic interests.

Presto Ventures is a Prague-based venture capital firm founded in 2016 by Přemysl Rubeš. It backs early-stage technology startups, with a focus on fast-growing companies in NATO and allied countries, spanning defense tech, resilience tech, deeptech, and dual-use technologies. The firm provides portfolio companies with resources and guidance to help them scale and reach both local and global markets, supporting Central and Eastern European founders as they bring innovative products and services to market.

Founded in 2022, Underline Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Bucharest, Romania. It partners with Eastern European founders at the earliest stages to build high-growth startups with global ambitions. The firm invests primarily at the seed stage (pre-seed, seed, late seed), typically providing an average cheque of €500k.

Founded in 2010 by experienced entrepreneurs, Fastlane Ventures is a Russian company specializing in developing and launching innovative internet businesses. It focuses on low-competition B2C niches, aiming to satisfy unmet customer needs. The company acts as both an operational partner and seed investor, utilizing its proprietary 'Fast 50' solution for swift launches. With a team of highly skilled professionals, Fastlane Ventures has launched over 20 startups across various sectors since inception.

Founded in 2017, OTB Ventures is a leading European venture capital firm focused on DeepTech investments. With a unique advantage in accessing Central and Eastern European deal flow, the company invests primarily in early growth stage startups (late Seed to Series B) developing innovative technologies in SpaceTech, AI & Automation, FinTech, and Cybersecurity verticals. Headquartered in Amsterdam with an additional office in Warsaw, OTB Ventures manages over $300M.

RUSNANO is a principal investment firm based in Moscow, Russia, focused on the commercialization of high-tech projects and nanotechnology investments. Established in 2007, RUSNANO aims to develop the Russian nanotechnology industry through direct investments in private equity and venture capital, as well as fund investments. The firm prioritizes projects in sectors such as scientific research, new materials, biotechnology, energy, and robotics, with a particular interest in initiatives that will establish or modernize manufacturing facilities within Russia. RUSNANO seeks to invest in projects projected to generate significant revenue within five years and often co-invests alongside other partners. It operates through various modes of investment, including equity stakes, loans, and credit guarantees. Additionally, RUSNANO has a subsidiary, RUSNANO USA, Inc., which focuses on middle and late-stage companies in North America that support global technology development in fields such as semiconductors and advanced materials.

Fil Rouge Capital (FRC) specializes in investing in early-stage businesses, focusing on angel investments, seed funding, venture capital, and Series A rounds through a mix of equity and debt structures. The firm aims to enhance its investments by leveraging the skills and experiences of its Founders, who possess expertise in technology and services, as well as a strong entrepreneurial background. Based in Ljubljana, Slovenia, FRC has a primary focus on Central and Eastern Europe, Austria, and Southern Germany, while remaining open to opportunities across Europe and the United States. The Founders maintain robust connections with accelerators in Central Europe and Silicon Valley, which further supports their investment strategy.

Swedfund is a government development finance institution based in Stockholm, with an office in Nairobi, established in 1979. It mobilizes capital and expertise for investments in private markets across Africa, Asia, Latin America and Eastern Europe, including direct investments and fund of funds activities. It finances a range of instruments, from equity to loans and other debt-like structures, and supports knowledge transfer and equipment upgrades, including depreciation loans to Swedish small and medium-sized enterprises. It pursues minority investments, typically in the range of 5 to 100 million SEK, with board seats and participation in investment committees, and aims for exits in five to ten years. It operates as a bilateral development financier within the European Development Finance Institutions network.

Ambient Sound Investments is a Tallinn, Estonia-based family office and private investment vehicle founded in 2003 by four engineers from Skype. It provides investment management and holds minority stakes in ventures through direct investments and fund-of-funds, focusing on private equity and venture capital across incubation, seed, early-stage, growth, and PIPEs, as well as selective investments in real assets. The firm typically pursues minority positions around 25 percent, with larger stakes in incubators, and pursues co-investments and occasional entries into public equity. Its portfolio concentrates on information technology, software, web, social media, and research and development companies, with a geographic focus on the United States, Europe and Asia, including Eastern Europe and countries such as Russia, Lithuania, Denmark, Finland, France, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Investment sizes range roughly from half a million to two million euros, and capital is deployed from personal capital and balance sheet sources. The organization originated to hold a minority Skype stake and now operates as a private investment vehicle.

Sistema Venture Capital is the venture capital arm of AFK Sistema, established in 2016 and headquartered in Moscow, Russia, with an additional office in London, United Kingdom. The firm specializes in investing in growth-stage technological companies and early-stage startups, primarily focusing on sectors such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, cognitive technologies, software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), internet of things, and virtual and augmented reality. Sistema Venture Capital aims to acquire both minority and controlling stakes, typically investing around $10 million in projects, to help establish market leaders within three to five years. The firm emphasizes its commitment to backing innovative internet and technology companies while avoiding investments in ventures where founders have lost control. Its investment strategy is global, targeting markets in the US, UK, Western Europe, Russia, Israel, and other CIS nations. Through its extensive network and expertise, Sistema VC provides support and mentorship to entrepreneurs, connecting them with valuable professionals and prospective partners.

SmartWare.tech is a venture capital investor based in Hungary that specializes in hardware and IoT in the CEE region. Founded in 2016, it focuses on early-stage funding and support for hardware-enabled startups, providing pre-seed investments and hands-on help with MVPs, prototyping, customer development, business-model design, and fundraising readiness. Its approach combines investment with prototyping expertise, access to equipment, and business development support to help portfolio companies move from concept to market. The firm operates with backing from partner companies that supply resources, prototyping capabilities, and a broad professional network across multiple sites to support long-term growth. The emphasis areas include mobility, Industry 4.0, medical technologies, and broader hardware and IoT sectors across Eastern and Western Europe.

Crosspring is a venture capital firm based in Zoetermeer, Netherlands, established in 2006. It focuses on early-stage investments in business-to-business and software-as-a-service companies, with activity across Eastern Europe and North America. The firm leverages decades of business experience and a broad partner network to support startups from initial traction to international expansion. It makes direct investments and also invests in venture capital funds.

Established in 2018, BergTop VC is a venture capital firm headquartered in Luxembourg. It focuses on investing in early-stage, rapidly scalable B2B and B2B2C companies across Eastern Europe.

ExtraVallis is a seed-stage global funding platform headquartered in Rancho Santa Fe, California, that connects investors with early-stage technology startups. The company operates primarily in Germany, Eastern and Central Europe, and Scandinavia, focusing on mentoring startups in areas such as leadership, market expansion, revenue models, and team building. ExtraVallis leverages a reliable pipeline of startups, utilizing standardized and consistent real-time data to identify promising opportunities within its ecosystem. The firm aims to provide startups and their investors with global exposure and de-risked investment opportunities, fostering strong connections among startups, investors, and partners.

ScaleX Ventures is a venture capital firm headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Founded in 2017, it concentrates on seed and Series A investments in Europe, focusing on SaaS and deep-technology startups. The firm collaborates with portfolio companies to help them scale and pursue global growth from an early stage, targeting startups with globally oriented products and ambitions from day one.