The U.S. Department of Energy is a government agency established in 1977, located in Washington, D.C. Its primary mission is to ensure the security and prosperity of the nation by tackling energy, environmental, and nuclear challenges. The Department focuses on promoting transformative scientific and technological solutions to address these issues, thereby supporting the country's energy needs and environmental sustainability.

The National Science Foundation (NSF), established in 1950 and located in Alexandria, Virginia, is an independent federal agency dedicated to advancing fundamental research and education across all scientific and engineering disciplines. With an annual budget of approximately $7.8 billion, the NSF operates America's Seed Fund, which allocates nearly $200 million each year to support startups and small businesses through the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. This initiative provides non-dilutive funding of up to $1.5 million to assist in research and development efforts, thereby facilitating the transformation of scientific discoveries into commercially viable products and services. By helping to de-risk technology, the NSF plays a crucial role in fostering innovation and addressing societal challenges through scientific advancements.

Sprott Inc. is a publicly owned asset management holding company based in Toronto, Canada. Through its subsidiaries, it offers a range of services including asset management, portfolio management, wealth management, and consulting. Sprott provides various investment products such as mutual funds, hedge funds, and managed accounts, with a strong focus on precious metals and real assets investment strategies. The firm is particularly known for its Sprott Physical Gold and Silver Trust, which holds assets in physical gold and silver bullion, offering investors a secure and convenient way to invest in these commodities. Additionally, Sprott Consulting LP, a subsidiary of Sprott Inc., specializes in private equity investments and debt financing within the natural resources sector. Established in 2008, Sprott has built a reputation as a prominent player in the Canadian investment industry, emphasizing unique investment opportunities that aim to generate superior financial returns.

Canaccord Genuity is a global independent investment bank headquartered in Toronto, Canada, with a focus on growth companies. It provides a wide range of services, including investment banking, research, sales, trading, and capital markets advisory. The firm specializes in mergers and acquisitions, financial restructuring, and debt advisory, serving institutional and corporate clients across various sectors such as technology, energy, life sciences, and real estate. Canaccord Genuity Wealth Management, a subsidiary of Canaccord Genuity Group Inc., offers comprehensive wealth management solutions and brokerage services tailored to individual investors and private clients. With a presence in multiple countries, the firm is dedicated to identifying investment opportunities and delivering both long-term strategies and near-term solutions to meet the diverse needs of its clients.

Orion Resource Partners is an alternative investment manager based in New York, focusing on the mining and natural resource sectors. Established in 2012, the firm manages approximately $2.6 billion in assets and specializes in offering flexible capital investment solutions to publicly traded companies in the base and precious metals sectors. Orion's experienced team of investment professionals utilizes a disciplined, risk-adjusted process to evaluate potential portfolio companies. The firm provides various financing options, including debt, structured equity, and production-linked financing, as well as investments in royalties and offtake agreements.

Incorporated in 1981, Haywood Securities is an investment banking firm headquartered in Vancouver, Canada. The firm provides investment banking, sales, trading, research, portfolio management, equity capital markets, and correspondent clearing services. Haywood Securities caters to mining, oil, gas, infrastructure, technology, and related industries.

European Investment Bank (EIB) provides lending, borrowing, and treasury services primarily in the European Union. The company offers project loans for the public and private sectors; loans to banks and other intermediaries; structured finance products; guarantees and securitization instruments for senior and subordinated debts; project bonds; equity and fund investment products such as infrastructure equity and debt funds, and environmental funds; and venture capital funds and security packages for funds. The company also offers microfinance; risk sharing finance for research, development, and innovation projects; finance and technical expertise for sustainable energy projects; infrastructure project advisory services; support for urban development projects; guarantees for transport infrastructure; and funding for public-private partnerships and small- and medium-sized enterprises. EIB serves the transportation, global loans, energy, industry, health, education, water, sewerage, infrastructure, services, telecommunications, agriculture, and fisheries sectors. European Investment Bank was founded in 1958 and is based in Luxembourg.

Bergen Asset Management, LLC is a New York-based global asset management firm specializing in equity investments in high-growth publicly-traded and private companies, primarily outside of the United States. The firm adopts a sector-agnostic approach but shows a preference for industries with potential for above-market medium-term appreciation. Additionally, Bergen manages the Bergen Special Opportunity Fund, which focuses on buyout investments.

BMO Financial Group, established in 1817 and headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, is a prominent commercial banking institution offering a diverse range of financial services. It operates through three main segments: personal and commercial banking, wealth management, and BMO Capital Markets. The latter serves corporate, institutional, and government clients with a comprehensive suite of investment and corporate banking services, including equity and debt underwriting, corporate lending, project financing, mergers and acquisitions advisory, and treasury management. BMO Capital Markets has a global presence with approximately 2,300 professionals across 30 locations, focusing on various industries such as aerospace, healthcare, and energy. The group caters to Canadian clients through BMO Bank of Montreal and to U.S. clients via BMO Harris Bank, while also extending its services to markets in the United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, Asia, and South America. With total assets of 529 billion U.S. dollars and a workforce of over 47,000 employees, BMO Financial Group stands as one of North America's largest diversified financial services providers.

RCF Management, LLC is a private equity firm based in Denver, Colorado, specializing in investments within the metals, minerals, and mining sectors. Established in 1998, the firm focuses on a variety of investment strategies, including buyouts, early and later-stage ventures, growth capital, and distressed situations. RCF does not engage in the oil and gas sector and typically targets junior mining companies at the scoping study or pre-feasibility stage. The firm seeks innovative opportunities in mining technology and often provides bridge loans and credit support. RCF invests globally, with a particular emphasis on Australia, Europe, Canada, and the United States, and is willing to invest up to $500 million in a single transaction, although initial investments usually range from $1 million to $300 million. The firm aims to exit investments within three to five years through various strategies, including mergers and acquisitions. RCF Management also values active involvement in its portfolio companies, often taking board seats.

Osisko Gold Royalties is an intermediate precious metal royalty company based in Canada, specializing in acquiring and managing a diverse portfolio of over 130 royalties, streams, and precious metal offtakes, primarily in North America. Its operations are significantly anchored by a 5% net smelter return royalty on the Canadian Malartic Mine, the largest gold mine in Canada. In addition to its royalty interests, Osisko holds investments in various publicly traded resource companies, including interests in Barkerville Gold Mines, Osisko Mining, and Falco Resources. The company is also involved in the exploration, evaluation, and development of mining projects, focusing on maximizing income from its royalties and stream agreements while actively seeking new opportunities in the mining sector.

Founded in 2001, Sidex is a government investment firm based in Montreal, Canada. The firm seeks to invest in companies focused on the mineral exploration sector.

Societe Generale, established in 1864 and headquartered in Paris, France, is a prominent European financial services group that operates on a diversified banking model. With a presence in 67 countries and a workforce of over 149,000, the group serves approximately 31 million clients, including individuals, businesses, and institutional investors. Societe Generale provides a broad range of financial solutions, including advisory services, asset management, investment banking, and capital markets services. The firm specializes in areas such as mergers and acquisitions, trading, derivatives, and clearing services, catering to clients across various sectors, including energy, telecommunications, and aerospace. Additionally, Societe Generale is committed to corporate social responsibility, actively engaging in community support initiatives around its offices, particularly in areas of high deprivation. The group's mission is to foster positive transformations in the world while empowering its clients to achieve their financial goals.

Bpifrance Financement S.A. is a French financial institution that provides a wide range of financing solutions and support services for businesses at various stages of their development. Established in 1980 and based in Maisons-Alfort, France, the company offers medium to long-term loans, export insurance, real estate and equipment leasing, and working capital loans. Bpifrance also invests in startups, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and mid-cap companies through direct investments and fund management activities. Additionally, it provides consulting services for executives and training for CEOs, aiming to facilitate innovation and growth. Bpifrance was formed from the merger of several entities in July 2013, including OSEO, CDC Entreprises, and FSI, to enhance its role in supporting the financing of the French economy.

Macquarie Bank, a subsidiary of Macquarie Group, is headquartered in Sydney, Australia, and has been providing a wide range of commercial banking and retail financial services since its founding in 1969. The bank offers personal banking, business banking, and wealth management products, alongside services in asset and mortgage-backed securitization, institutional and commodity financing, and capital management. It also engages in trading fixed income, equities, foreign exchange, and commodities, while providing broking services. Macquarie Bank operates across multiple regions, including the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Asia Pacific, serving a diverse clientele ranging from individual customers to corporate and government entities. The bank is regulated by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority and emphasizes strong risk management practices and an entrepreneurial culture to foster its business growth.

Alamos Gold is a gold producer focused on low-cost production, financial performance, and delivering shareholder value. The company operates primarily in Canada and Mexico, with three operating mines: Young-Davidson and Island Gold in Canada, and Mulatos in Sonora, Mexico. Mulatos generates the majority of the company's revenue. Alamos Gold has built a reputation as a highly efficient and profitable mining company, driven by the strength and talent of its workforce. The company emphasizes sustainable development and is committed to contributing positively to the communities in which it operates, adhering to core values of respect, equality, honesty, and accountability. This focus on sustainable practices and community engagement is integral to Alamos Gold's strategy and success.

Fonds de solidarité FTQ is a private equity and venture capital firm established in 1983 and headquartered in Montreal, Canada. The firm specializes in investing in small and medium-sized businesses, primarily within Quebec, focusing on sectors such as aerospace, agri-food, chemicals, construction materials, life sciences, telecommunications, and tourism. Fonds de solidarité FTQ targets projects requiring investments of $3 million or more and offers loans up to $2 million. The firm does not invest in retail, real estate, farming, biotechnology, or financial services. It actively seeks opportunities in various industries, including environmental initiatives, cultural projects, and advanced manufacturing. The firm typically holds its investments for five to ten years, with a preference for equity financing and an ability to take minority or majority stakes in portfolio companies. By prioritizing projects that positively impact the Quebec economy, Fonds de solidarité FTQ aims to foster local development and growth while supporting business succession and innovation.

Royal Bank of Canada is a global financial institution headquartered in Toronto, Canada, offering a comprehensive range of services including personal and commercial banking, insurance, wealth management, and capital markets. Its Personal & Commercial Banking segment provides various financial products such as checking and savings accounts, personal loans, and payment solutions. The Wealth Management segment delivers tailored advice and strategies to high net worth individuals and institutional clients. The bank's Insurance segment offers life, health, and property insurance solutions. RBC Capital Markets serves as the bank's investment and corporate banking arm, providing advisory and financing services to corporations, institutional investors, and governments across multiple sectors, including technology, healthcare, and manufacturing. Additionally, RBC Capital Partners focuses on private equity and venture capital investments, targeting early to late-stage companies across diverse industries. Established in 1864, RBC has built a strong reputation and is recognized for its high credit ratings and extensive global reach.

Appian Capital Advisory LLP is a private equity firm based in London that focuses on investments in the natural resources sector, particularly in mining companies involved with base metals, precious metals, and fertilizers. Established in 2012, the firm acts as the investment advisor to the Appian Natural Resources Fund, which pools investor capital to target small to medium-sized mining companies at various stages of the mining cycle, from exploration to operation and expansion. Appian emphasizes investments in regions with stable governance and legal frameworks, specifically allocating capital across North America, Latin America, Africa, and opportunistically in Asia and Australia. The firm typically invests between $10 million and $150 million, aiming for control positions in its investments, and seeks to exit through initial public offerings or corporate transactions.

Zijin Mining Group Company Limited is a prominent player in the exploration, mining, and sale of mineral resources, primarily focusing on gold, copper, zinc, tungsten, lead, and iron. With a significant footprint in China and international markets, the company produces various products, including gold bullion, copper cathodes, zinc bullion, and molybdenum. Established in 1986 and headquartered in Longyan, China, Zijin Mining Group has developed extensive mining and exploration rights, covering substantial land areas. It has garnered a reputation for profitability and innovation in the mining sector, leveraging advanced research and development platforms to enhance its operational efficiency and environmental protection. The company places a strong emphasis on education and collaboration, exemplified by its partnership with Fuzhou University to establish Zijin Mining College, which aims to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical applications for future professionals in the industry.

SOSV is a global venture capital firm founded in 1995 and headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey. Specializing in seed-to-growth stage investments, SOSV operates multiple accelerator programs worldwide, including HAX for hardware, IndieBio and RebelBio for life sciences, Chinaccelerator and MOX for cross-border internet ventures, Food-X for innovative food solutions, and dlab for blockchain technology. The firm focuses on investments in revolutionary deep technologies aimed at improving human and planetary health, as well as cross-border markets, particularly in Asia. SOSV invests in approximately 150 startups annually, providing support through its resources to accelerate product development and scaling. Over its two-decade history, SOSV has established a strong reputation, consistently ranking among the top venture capital firms globally.

Breakthrough Energy is an impact investment firm founded in 2016 and based in Kirkland, Washington. It is composed of members from the Breakthrough Energy Coalition and focuses on investing in innovative technologies aimed at providing reliable and affordable energy without contributing to climate change. The firm targets companies in the environmental services and cleantech sectors, making minority investments at various stages of development, including seed, early, and later stages. Breakthrough Energy emphasizes the importance of a public-private partnership involving governments, research institutions, and investors to accelerate the development of zero-emission energy solutions. By leveraging scientific and technological expertise, Breakthrough Energy aims to address pressing energy needs, particularly in underserved regions, while fostering the creation of transformative energy technologies that can mitigate climate change impacts.

Scotiabank, founded in 1832 and headquartered in Toronto, Canada, is a leading financial institution that serves approximately 21 million customers in over 55 countries. The bank offers a comprehensive range of banking products and services, including personal and commercial banking, investment banking, wealth management, and insurance. Its private equity arm focuses on middle-market investments, specializing in sectors such as healthcare, technology, and consumer products. Scotiabank typically invests between $5 million and $25 million in companies, seeking both minority and majority ownership stakes. With a commitment to managing risk and capital effectively, Scotiabank aims to support individuals, businesses, and communities in achieving financial success. The organization employs over 86,000 people dedicated to understanding customer needs and delivering tailored financial solutions.

Greenstone Resources, founded in 2013 and based in London, is a private equity firm that specializes in investments within the mining and metals sectors. The firm manages a fund that targets opportunities in metals, minerals, and mining infrastructure on a global scale. Greenstone Resources focuses on investing in companies operating in these industries, aiming to support their growth and development while capitalizing on emerging market trends.

Teck is a leading diversified natural resource company based in Canada, founded in 1910. Over its more than 100 years of operation, Teck has focused on responsible mining and mineral development, contributing to community building, job creation, and sustainable innovation in the industry. The company primarily engages in base metals mining, with significant copper and zinc operations in Canada, the United States, Chile, and Peru. Following the divestment from its metallurgical coal and oil sands businesses, copper has become Teck's major commodity, significantly bolstered by the Quebrada Blanca 2 project in Chile, which is expected to increase copper production by approximately 75%. Teck is recognized as one of the top three zinc miners globally and is actively working to rebalance its portfolio towards low-carbon metals, primarily copper, to align with evolving market demands.

Merian Global Investors is an independent asset management firm based in London, England, established in June 2018 following the acquisition of the single-strategy investment capabilities of Old Mutual Global Investors by its management team and TA Associates. The firm focuses on building a specialized asset management business, emphasizing the value of active investment management tailored to clients' expectations. Merian aims to attract and retain skilled investment professionals who are experts in their respective fields, providing them with the necessary operational, risk management, and distribution support to excel. This approach allows investment professionals the freedom to make decisions without the constraints of a centralized investment view.

Rio Tinto is a prominent international mining group engaged in the exploration, extraction, and processing of various mineral resources across the globe. The company produces a diverse range of products, including aluminum, copper, diamonds, gold, silver, borates, titanium dioxide, iron ore, and uranium. In addition to these minerals, Rio Tinto is involved in alumina production, primary aluminum smelting, bauxite mining, and refining processes. The company operates in more than 40 countries and employs over 68,000 individuals. Notably, Rio Tinto is also the owner and future operator of the Eagle Mine in Michigan, which is expected to be a significant source of nickel and copper in the United States. Founded in 1873 and headquartered in Melbourne, Australia, Rio Tinto has established itself as a leader in the mining industry.

Mitsui & Co is a general trading company established in Japan in 1947, with a global presence and a diverse range of business activities. The company engages in trading various commodities, including energy resources, machinery, chemicals, food, and textiles, while also providing financing, logistics, and project investment services. Mitsui & Co plays a significant role in ensuring a stable supply of essential industrial materials and resources, actively participating in metal recycling and environmental initiatives. Its chemicals division covers a broad spectrum from basic chemicals to specialty products, while its energy sector focuses on sustainable practices and next-generation resources. Additionally, the company invests in sectors like food, healthcare, real estate, and ICT, adapting to changing consumer needs and lifestyles. With a strong commitment to social infrastructure, Mitsui & Co contributes to the development of essential services such as electricity, gas, and transportation. Through strategic projects and a robust global network, the company aims to strengthen its earnings base and expand its business opportunities.

Kinross Gold is a Canada-based senior gold producer with a strong operational track record and a robust balance sheet. In 2023, the company produced approximately 2.2 million gold equivalent ounces and maintained about a decade of gold reserves. Kinross operates mines primarily in the Americas and West Africa, having divested its Russian operations in 2022 in response to geopolitical events. The company has a history of using acquisitions to expand into new regions and enhance production capabilities. Notably, in 2022, Kinross acquired the Great Bear project in Canada, which has the potential to yield over 500,000 ounces of gold annually for at least ten years if successfully developed. Kinross is committed to responsible mining practices, positioning itself as a compelling investment opportunity in the gold sector.

Goldman Sachs is a prominent global investment banking, securities, and investment management firm, established in 1869 and headquartered in New York City. The firm provides a range of services to corporations, financial institutions, governments, and high-net-worth individuals. Its Investment Banking segment offers advisory services for mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, and restructuring, as well as underwriting for public offerings and private placements of various securities. The Institutional Client Services segment focuses on client execution across fixed income, currencies, commodities, and equities, while also offering financing and securities lending to institutional clients. The Investing & Lending segment engages in originating long-term loans and investing in debt securities and real estate. Additionally, Goldman Sachs Asset Management serves both institutional and individual investors with comprehensive investment and advisory solutions across diverse asset classes. The firm also operates several specialized investment groups, including private equity and infrastructure funds, targeting a variety of sectors and investment strategies worldwide.

Pala Investments is a private equity investment firm established in 2006 and based in Zug, Switzerland. The firm specializes in the mining sector and is supported by a team of experienced professionals with a proven track record. Pala focuses on making majority investments through various strategies, including buyouts and growth equity, as well as utilizing debt instruments such as senior, mezzanine, and convertible debt. The firm's commitment to the mining industry underscores its expertise and dedication to fostering growth within this sector.

Steel Partners Holdings L.P. is a diversified holding company based in New York, founded in 1990. It operates through various subsidiaries across multiple sectors, including industrial products, energy, defense, supply chain management, logistics, and financial services. The company manufactures a wide range of products, such as brazing alloys, seamless stainless steel tubing, fasteners for roofing and building industries, and specialized woven substrates. Additionally, it designs and produces power electronics, motion control equipment, and custom components for applications in medical, aerospace, and telecommunications. Steel Partners also offers services related to meat processing and distributes coated films for imaging and aerospace markets. In the financial sector, it provides consumer and small business loans, credit cards, and participates in various credit facilities. The company's diverse operations reflect its commitment to enhancing corporate value across its portfolio.

Raymond James Financial, founded in 1962 and headquartered in Saint Petersburg, Florida, is a comprehensive financial services firm that serves individuals, corporations, and municipalities. The firm offers a wide range of services, including investment banking and wealth management advisory. Its investment banking division provides expertise in areas such as mergers and acquisitions, public offerings, activism response, debt origination, and restructuring. The firm caters to diverse industry sectors, including consumer, retail, energy, financial services, healthcare, industrials, real estate, security, defense, government services, technology, services, transport, and infrastructure. The Raymond James Technology and Communications Investment Banking Group specializes in key sectors like communications software, telecommunications, and IT services, leveraging its experienced professionals and award-winning research capabilities. The group emphasizes a client-centric approach, focusing on delivering independent solutions that create long-term value, evidenced by successful transactions totaling significant value since 1998.

Polymetal International is a precious metals mining company registered in Saint Helier, Jersey, with operations primarily in Russia and Kazakhstan. The company has five reportable segments: Magadan, Ural, Khabarovsk, Yakutia, and Kazakhstan, each dedicated to the mining of gold, silver, or copper, along with associated activities such as exploration, extraction, processing, and reclamation. The Magadan and Kazakhstan segments are the main contributors to Polymetal's revenue, highlighting the significance of these regions in the company's overall operations.

Beedie Capital Partners, based in Vancouver, Canada, manages the non-real estate investment activities of the Beedie Development Group. Established in 1954, the firm specializes in providing flexible growth financing solutions for small to mid-market companies across various sectors, including technology, media, energy, and metals and mining. Beedie Capital typically invests through a range of financial instruments, such as debt, equity, and combinations thereof, tailored to meet the specific needs of its partners. The firm operates with a small core team of decision-makers, allowing for responsive and creative investment strategies. As minority investors, Beedie Capital focuses on maintaining management control within the companies it supports, offering less dilutive and restrictive financing options compared to traditional sources of capital.

Export Development Canada (EDC) is an export credit agency established in 1944 and headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. The organization is dedicated to supporting and enhancing Canada's export trade by facilitating international business opportunities for Canadian companies, both large and small. EDC offers a range of financial services, including trade financing, export credit insurance, and secured loans, specifically designed to assist Canadian exporters, investors, and their international buyers. Additionally, EDC engages in private equity and venture capital investments, further contributing to the growth and competitiveness of Canadian businesses in the global market.

Trafigura Group Pte. Ltd., founded in 1993 and based in Singapore, is a leading multinational commodity trading company specializing in the trading and transportation of oil, petroleum products, metals, and minerals. The company operates globally across Europe, Asia, North America, Latin America, Africa, Australia, and the Middle East. Its Oil and Petroleum Products segment handles a variety of products, including crude oil, gasoline, and natural gas, while its Metals and Minerals segment trades in copper, zinc, aluminum, and coal, among other commodities. Trafigura is involved in all stages of the supply chain, from sourcing and blending to warehousing and transportation. The company also provides investment solutions and supplies renewable energy to electricity grids. With a significant asset portfolio that includes the MATSA copper mine in Spain, Trafigura serves a diverse clientele, including oil producers, refiners, mining companies, and smelters. As one of the world’s largest private oil and metals traders, Trafigura has established a prominent position in the global commodities market.

GMP Securities L.P., founded in 1995 as Griffiths McBurney & Partners, operates as an independent investment dealer based in Toronto, Canada. The firm specializes in providing advisory services related to public underwritings, private placements, mergers and acquisitions, and debt and divestiture transactions. GMP Securities also offers institutional sales, trading, and research services to corporate clients and institutional investors, with a strong presence in sectors such as mining, financial services, real estate, technology, blockchain, and healthcare. GMP Securities has maintained a significant position in the market, finishing sixth in market share on the Toronto Stock Exchange at its inception. The firm also has affiliates that cater to high net worth clients and private equity investments. In 2019, GMP Securities was acquired by Stifel Financial, further expanding its reach and capabilities in the investment banking landscape.

Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC) is a venture capital investment firm based in Ottawa, established in 2001. The organization focuses on funding and supporting Canadian cleantech projects, helping companies advance innovative technologies to market. SDTC's investments span various sectors, including agriculture, energy efficiency, green buildings, transportation, and waste management. By fostering the growth of these companies, SDTC aims to create jobs, stimulate economic growth, and generate export opportunities while delivering environmental and health benefits to Canadians. Operating independently, SDTC collaborates with a diverse network of partners from private industry, academia, and government, both domestically and internationally, to enhance the impact of its initiatives. The organization receives funding from the Government of Canada to further its mission.

General Motors Company is a leading global manufacturer and seller of vehicles, including cars and trucks, operating primarily in markets such as the United States, China, Brazil, Germany, and Canada. The company offers a diverse range of vehicles, including sedans, SUVs, pick-up trucks, and hybrids, as well as parts and accessories for these vehicles. General Motors provides both new and used vehicles through a network of dealers and distributors. Following a significant restructuring in 2009, the company emerged from bankruptcy and streamlined its brand portfolio to focus on four core segments: GM North America, GM International, Cruise, and GM Financial. In recent years, General Motors has regained its position as a market leader in the U.S., achieving a 16.5% share in 2023. The company's Cruise division, dedicated to autonomous vehicle technology, has faced operational challenges but continues to adapt its services. Headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, General Motors remains one of the largest automakers globally, continuing to innovate in automotive technology and vehicle safety.

Investissement Québec, established in 1998 and headquartered in Montreal, Canada, serves as a financial institution and economic development agency dedicated to supporting businesses looking to establish operations in the province. The organization provides a range of services, including site identification, business assistance, and the formation of strategic alliances across various industries. Its financial offerings encompass loans, equity financing, tax credits, development capital, project financing, loan guarantees, and equity investments. Investissement Québec focuses on key sectors such as aerospace, agri-food, transportation, information and communication technologies, life sciences, and microelectronics, positioning itself as a vital partner for corporations aiming to expand in Québec.

TD Securities is an investment banking firm based in Toronto, Canada, established in 1987. The firm offers a comprehensive range of advisory and capital market services, including investment banking, equity research, and commodities. Its investment banking services encompass mergers and acquisitions, debt capital markets, corporate divestitures, private placements, and various financing solutions such as bridge and acquisition financing. Additionally, TD Securities provides risk management services and securities brokerage, catering to a diverse clientele across sectors such as communications, media, technology, financial institutions, energy, and real estate. The firm also engages in research and offers capital market products, reflecting its commitment to delivering tailored financial solutions to clients globally.

U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) is America’s development bank. DFC partners with the private sector to finance solutions to the most critical challenges facing the developing world today. We invest in projects that create jobs in emerging markets in sectors including energy, healthcare, critical infrastructure, telecommunications, and financing for small businesses and women entrepreneurs. DFC investments adhere to high standards and respect the environment, human rights, and worker rights.

Chrysalix Venture Capital, established in 2001 and headquartered in Vancouver, Canada, is an early-stage venture capital firm that focuses on industrial innovation. The firm invests in a diverse range of sectors, including clean technology, renewable energy, agriculture, artificial intelligence, data analytics, sensor components, the Internet of Things, robotic systems, blockchain, and advanced materials. Chrysalix connects market-driven challenges with breakthrough solutions, supporting technologies and entrepreneurial teams that address the evolving needs of global industries. The firm provides valuable assistance, leveraging its deep industry and technical expertise, management support, networking opportunities with industrial and financial partners, and management of intellectual property to facilitate access to capital for its clients.

Newmont is a leading global gold producer and the largest gold miner in the world. Founded in 1921 and headquartered in Colorado, the company employs approximately 28,000 individuals and contractors, primarily engaged in operations across the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Peru, Indonesia, and Ghana. Newmont's extensive portfolio includes 17 wholly or majority-owned mines and interests in two joint ventures, spanning the Americas, Africa, Australia, and Papua New Guinea. Following its acquisition of Goldcorp in 2019 and Newcrest in 2023, Newmont has consolidated its Nevada mines in a joint venture with Barrick. The company is anticipated to produce around 6.9 million ounces of gold in 2024, although it may divest some of its smaller, higher-cost mines, which represent approximately 20% of its expected sales for that year. In addition to gold, Newmont also generates significant quantities of copper, silver, zinc, and lead as byproducts.

Sequoia Capital, founded in 1972 and based in Menlo Park, California, is a prominent venture capital firm that invests in early to growth stage companies across various sectors, including technology, healthcare, financial services, and consumer services. The firm specializes in supporting startups and emerging growth companies, typically investing between $100,000 and $1 million in seed companies, $1 million to $10 million in early ventures, and $10 million to $100 million in growth investments. Sequoia Capital operates globally, with a presence in regions such as Israel, China, and Southeast Asia, and has built a diverse portfolio that includes notable companies like Airbnb, Alibaba, and JD.com. The firm emphasizes a partnership approach with entrepreneurs, leveraging decades of experience to guide them from initial concept through to public offering and beyond.

Probe Metals Inc. is a Canadian gold exploration company dedicated to the acquisition, exploration, and development of gold properties in Canada. The company's main asset is the Val-d’Or East project, which consists of 293 claims spanning an area of 11,904 hectares in Val-d'Or, Quebec. Founded in 2015 and headquartered in Toronto, Probe Metals has positioned itself to explore highly prospective gold opportunities within the region.

FJ Labs is a venture capital firm based in New York, founded in 2015 by Fabrice Grinda. The firm is stage-agnostic, focusing on marketplaces and consumer-facing startups, with a particular emphasis on sectors such as B2B, B2C, financial services, mobile technology, advertisement technology, e-commerce, food technology, gaming, health technology, real estate technology, restaurant technology, ridesharing, SaaS, and virtual reality. FJ Labs invests primarily in seed and Series A rounds, with an investment range between $50,000 and $5,000,000. The firm has backed notable companies including Alibaba Group, Beepi, BrightRoll, Betterment, ADORE ME, and Earnest.

Altius Minerals Corporation is a diversified mining royalty and streaming company based in St. John's, Canada, with operations in Canada and Brazil. Established in 1997, the company holds royalty and streaming interests in 15 operating mines that produce a range of commodities, including copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron ore, and precious metals, as well as potash and various types of coal. Altius also possesses development stage royalties in renewable energy and pre-development stage royalty interests in various mineral commodities. The company is focused on expanding its royalty portfolio through prospect generation and acquiring new royalty interests, generating the majority of its revenue from mineral royalties.

New Gold Inc. is an intermediate gold producer engaged in the development and operation of mining properties. The company has a diverse portfolio of assets located in the United States, Mexico, Australia, Canada, and Chile. Its primary assets include the Rainy River Mine and the New Afton Mine in Canada, as well as the Cerro San Pedro Mine in Mexico. New Gold generates revenue from the sale of gold, copper, and silver, leveraging its global presence to enhance its operational capabilities and market reach.